1.The aardvark is a medium-sized, burrowing, nocturnal mammal native to Africa. It is the only living species of the order Tubulidentata, although other prehistoric species and genera of Tubulidentata are known. Unlike other insectivores, it has a long pig-like snout, which is used to sniff out food.
Scientific name: Orycteropus afer
Family: Orycteropodidae
Order: Tubulidentata
Class: Mammalia
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: 100 – 130 cm (Adult, Without Tail)
Wingspan: Southern royal albatross: 2.9 – 3.3 m
Lifespan: Southern royal albatross: 42 years
Family: Diomedeidae; G.R. Gray 1840
Scientific name: Diomedeidae
Mass: Southern royal albatross: 8.5 kg, Wandering albatross: 7 kg
Length: Southern royal albatross: 1.1 – 1.2 m,
3. An alligator is a crocodilian in the genus Alligator of the family Alligatoridae. The two living species are the American alligator and the Chinese alligator. Additionally, several extinct species of alligator are known from fossil remains.
Speed: 32 km/h (Maximum, In The Water)
Lifespan: American alligator: 30 – 50 years
Scientific name: Alligator
Family: Alligatoridae
Length: American alligator: 3 – 4.6 m, Chinese alligator: 1.5 m
Mass: American alligator: 230 kg, Chinese alligator: 36 – 45 kg
4. The alpaca is a species of South American camelid descended from the vicuña. It is similar to, and often confused with, the llama. However, alpacas are often noticeably smaller than llamas. The two animals are closely related and can successfully cross-breed. Alpacas and llamas are related to the guanaco.
Family: Camelidae
Scientific name: Vicugna pacos
Gestation period: 11 – 12 months
Order: Artiodactyla
Height: 81 – 99 cm (Adult, At the withers)
Mass: 48 – 84 kg (Adult)
Breeds: Huacaya
5. Ants are eusocial insects of the family Formicidae and, along with the related wasps and bees, belong to the order Hymenoptera. Ants appear in the fossil record across the globe in considerable diversity during the latest Early Cretaceous and early Late Cretaceous, suggesting an earlier origin.
Scientific name: Formicidae
Displayed higher classification: Hymenopterans
Phylum: Arthropoda
Lifespan: Black garden ant: 15 years, Pharaoh ant: 4 – 12 months
Length: Carpenter ant: 0.64 – 2.5 cm, Black garden ant: 0.5 – 0.7 cm, Pharaoh ant: 0.2 cm
Clutch size: Carpenter ant: 20, Pharaoh ant: 10 – 12
6. Anteater is a common name for the four extant mammal species of the suborder Vermilingua commonly known for eating ants and termites. The individual species have other names in English and other languages. Together with the sloths, they are within the order Pilosa.
Scientific name: Vermilingua
Class: Mammalia
Lifespan: Giant anteater: 14 – 16 years
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Giant anteater: 1.8 – 2.2 m, Silky anteater: 36 – 45 cm, Southern tamandua: 34 – 88 cm
Mass: Giant anteater: 33 – 41 kg, Silky anteater: 180 – 400 g, Southern tamandua: 1.5 – 8.4 kg
7. The term antelope is used to refer to many species of even-toed ruminant indigenous to various regions in Africa and Eurasia. Antelopes comprise a wastebasket taxon within the family Bovidae, encompassing all Old World ruminants that are not bovines, sheep, or goats.
Speed: Wildebeest: 80 km/h, Common eland: 40 km/h, Dik-dik: 42 km/h
Mass: Wildebeest: 120 – 270 kg, Common eland: 400 – 940 kg, Dik-dik: 3 – 6 kg
Lifespan: Wildebeest: 20 years, Common eland: 15 – 20 years
Height: Wildebeest: 1.3 – 1.5 m, Common eland: 1.6 m, Dik-dik: 30 – 40 cm
Gestation period: Wildebeest: 243 – 274 days, Common eland: 274 days, Dik-dik: 169 – 174 days
Length: Common eland: 2.4 – 3.4 m, Dik-dik: 50 – 70 cm
8. Apes are a branch of Old World tailless simians native to Africa and Southeast Asia. They are the sister group of the Old World monkeys, together forming the catarrhine clade.
Scientific name: Hominoidea
Rank: Superfamily
Class: Mammalia
Kingdom: Animalia
Lifespan: Chimpanzee: 39 years, Bonobo: 40 years, Bornean orangutan: 35 – 45 years
Gestation period: Chimpanzee: 243 days, Bonobo: 240 days, Bornean orangutan: 259 days
9. Armadillos are New World placental mammals in the order Cingulata. The Chlamyphoridae and Dasypodidae are the only surviving families in the order, which is part of the superorder Xenarthra, along with the anteaters and sloths.
Lifespan: Nine-banded armadillo: 12 – 15 years
Phylum: Chordata
Height: Nine-banded armadillo: 15 – 25 cm
Daily sleep: Giant armadillo: 18 hours
Length: Giant armadillo: 75 – 100 cm, Nine-banded armadillo: 38 – 58 cm, Pink fairy armadillo: 9 – 12 cm
Mass: Giant armadillo: 19 – 33 kg, Nine-banded armadillo: 2.5 – 6.5 kg
10. The donkey or ass is a domesticated member of the horse family, Equidae. The wild ancestor of the donkey is the African wild ass, E. africanus. The donkey has been used as a working animal for at least 5000 years.
Lifespan: 25 – 30 years (In the wild)
Scientific name: Equus asinus
Family: Equidae
Gestation period: Female: 11 – 14 months
Mass: 80 – 480 kg (Adult)
Height: 79 – 160 cm (Adult, At the withers)
11. Baboons are primates comprising the genus Papio, one of the 23 genera of Old World monkeys. There are five species of baboons, commonly known as hamadryas baboon, Guinea baboon, olive baboon, yellow baboon and chacma baboon.
Family: Cercopithecidae
Scientific name: Papio
Lifespan: Guinea baboon: 35 – 45 years
Class: Mammalia
Kingdom: Animalia
12. Badgers are short-legged omnivores in the families Mustelidae, and Mephitidae. Badgers are a polyphyletic grouping, and are not a natural taxonomic grouping: badgers are united by their squat bodies, adapted for fossorial activity. All belong to the caniform suborder of carnivoran mammals.
Lifespan: Honey badger: 24 years
Height: Honey badger: 23 – 28 cm
Phylum: Chordata
13. A barracuda is a large, predatory ray-finned fish known for its fearsome appearance and ferocious behaviour. The barracuda is a saltwater fish of the genus Sphyraena, the only genus in the family Sphyraenidae which was named by Constantine Samuel Rafinesque in 1815.
Scientific name: Sphyraena
Mass: Great barracuda: 24 kg
Class: Actinopterygii
Family: Sphyraenidae; Rafinesque, 1815
Phylum: Chordata
14. Bats are mammals of the order Chiroptera; with their forelimbs adapted as wings, they are the only mammals capable of true and sustained flight. Bats are more manoeuvrable than birds, flying with their very long spread-out digits covered with a thin membrane or patagium.
Scientific name: Chiroptera
Class: Mammalia
Order: Chiroptera; Blumenbach, 1779
Kingdom: Animalia
Rank: Order
Length: Common vampire bat: 7.8 cm
15. Bears are carnivoran mammals of the family Ursidae. They are classified as caniforms, or doglike carnivorans. Although only eight species of bears are extant, they are widespread, appearing in a wide variety of habitats throughout the Northern Hemisphere and partially in the Southern Hemisphere.
Family: Ursidae; G. Fischer de Waldheim, 1817
Lifespan: Giant panda: 20 years
Speed: Polar bear: 40 km/h
Scientific name: Ursidae
16. The beaver is a large, primarily nocturnal, semiaquatic rodent. Castor includes two extant species, the North American beaver and Eurasian beaver. Beavers are known for building dams, canals, and lodges. They are the second-largest rodent in the world.
Family: Castoridae
Class: Mammalia
Scientific name: Castor
Kingdom: Animalia
17. Bees are flying insects closely related to wasps and ants, known for their role in pollination and, in the case of the best-known bee species, the western honey bee, for producing honey. Bees are a monophyletic lineage within the superfamily Apoidea. They are presently considered a clade, called Anthophila.
Order: Hymenoptera
Class: Insecta
Kingdom: Animalia
Scientific name: Anthophila
Phylum: Arthropoda
Lifespan: Western honey bee: 122 – 152 days, Early bumblebee: 28 days
18. The binturong, also known as bearcat, is a viverrid native to South and Southeast Asia. It is uncommon in much of its range, and has been assessed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List because of a declining population trend that is estimated at more than 30% since the mid 1980s.
Family: Viverridae
Scientific name: Arctictis binturong
Class: Mammalia
Length: 71 – 84 cm (Adult, Without Tail)
Mass: Female: 11 – 32 kg (Adult, In captivity)
19. Birds are a group of warm-blooded vertebrates constituting the class Aves, characterized by feathers, toothless beaked jaws, the laying of hard-shelled eggs, a high metabolic rate, a four-chambered heart, and a strong yet lightweight skeleton.
Class: Aves; Linnaeus, 1758
Scientific name: Aves
Kingdom: Animalia
Rank: Class
Phylum: Chordata
Higher classification: Ornithurae
20. Bison are large, even-toed ungulates in the genus Bison within the subfamily Bovinae. Two extant and six extinct species are recognised. Of the six extinct species, five became extinct in the Quaternary extinction event.
Scientific name: Bison
Family: Bovidae
Height: Bison latifrons: 2.5 m
Mass: Bison antiquus: 1,600 kg
Class: Mammalia
Length: Bison antiquus: 4.6 m
21. The wild boar, also known as the "wild swine", "common wild pig", or simply "wild pig", is a suid native to much of the Palearctic, as well as being introduced in the Nearctic, Neotropic, Oceania, the Caribbean islands, and Southeast Asia.
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Suidae
Scientific name: Sus scrofa
Height: 55 – 120 cm (Adult, At Shoulder)
Length: 90 – 200 cm (Adult, Without Tail)
Mass: Male: 75 – 100 kg (European population), Female: 60 – 80 kg (European population)
22. The bobcat, also known as red lynx, is a medium-sized cat native to North America from southern Canada, most of the contiguous United States to Oaxaca in Mexico. It is listed as Least Concern on the IUCN Red List since 2002, because it is widely distributed and abundant.
Mass: 8.6 kg (Adult)
Lifespan: 7 years
Family: Felidae
Length: 69 cm (Adult)
Scientific name: Lynx rufus
Class: Mammalia
23. The American bison or simply bison, also commonly known as the American buffalo or simply buffalo, is an American species of bison that once roamed North America in vast herds.
Conservation status: Near Threatened (Population stable)
Length: 2.8 m (Adult)
Trophic level: Herbivorous
Gestation period: 283 days
Scientific name: Bison bison
Mass: Male: 460 – 990 kg (Adult), Female: 360 – 540 kg (Adult)
24. Butterflies are insects in the macrolepidopteran clade Rhopalocera from the order Lepidoptera, which also includes moths. Adult butterflies have large, often brightly coloured wings, and conspicuous, fluttering flight.
Lifespan: Painted lady: 12 months
Scientific name: Rhopalocera
Class: Insecta
Phylum: Arthropoda
Kingdom: Animalia
Wingspan: Painted lady: 4 – 7.3 cm, Old world swallowtail: 6.5 – 8.6 cm, Cabbage white: 3.2 – 4.7 cm
25. The bluebirds are a group of medium-sized, mostly insectivorous or omnivorous birds in the order of Passerines in the genus Sialia of the thrush family. Bluebirds are one of the few thrush genera in the Americas. They have blue, or blue and rose beige, plumage.
Family: Turdidae
Scientific name: Sialia
Class: Aves
Phylum: Chordata
26. A camel is an even-toed ungulate in the genus Camelus that bears distinctive fatty deposits known as "humps" on its back. Camels have long been domesticated and, as livestock, they provide food and textiles.
Scientific name: Camelus
Family: Camelidae
Speed: 65 km/h (Maximum, In Short Bursts, Running)
Lifespan: Dromedary: 40 years
Height: Dromedary: 1.8 – 2 m
Breeds: Bagri camel
Gestation period: Dromedary: 15 months, Bactrian camel: 13 months
27. The capybara is a giant cavy rodent native to South America. It is the largest living rodent in the world. Also called capivara, chigüire, chigüiro, carpincho and ronsoco, it is a member of the genus Hydrochoerus, of which the only other extant member is the lesser capybara.
Height: 50 – 64 cm (Adult, At the withers)
Family: Caviidae
Mass: 35 – 66 kg (Adult)
Scientific name: Hydrochoerus hydrochaeris
Order: Rodentia
Length: 1.1 – 1.3 m (Adult)
28. The caracal is a medium-sized wild cat native to Africa, the Middle East, Central Asia, and India. It is characterised by a robust build, long legs, a short face, long tufted ears, and long canine teeth. Its coat is uniformly reddish tan or sandy, while the ventral parts are lighter with small reddish markings.
Family: Felidae
Length: 74 cm (Adult)
Mass: 12 kg (Adult)
Conservation status: Least Concern
Scientific name: Caracal caracal
Trophic level: Carnivorous
29. The reindeer, also known as the caribou in North America, is a species of deer with circumpolar distribution, native to Arctic, sub-Arctic, tundra, boreal, and mountainous regions of northern Europe, Siberia, and North America. This includes both sedentary and migratory populations.
Scientific name: Rangifer tarandus
Family: Cervidae
Order: Artiodactyla
Height: 85 – 150 cm (Adult, At Shoulder)
Class: Mammalia
Mass: Male: 160 – 180 kg (Adult), Female: 80 – 120 kg (Adult)
30. Cassowaries, genus Casuarius, are ratites that are native to the tropical forests of New Guinea, East Nusa Tenggara, the Maluku Islands, and northeastern Australia. There are three extant species.
Class: Aves
Scientific name: Casuarius
Family: Casuariidae; Kaup, 1847
Kingdom: Animalia
31. The cat is a domestic species of small carnivorous mammal. It is the only domesticated species in the family Felidae and is often referred to as the domestic cat to distinguish it from the wild members of the family.
Lifespan: 2 – 16 years (In the wild)
Gestation period: 58 – 67 days
Family: Felidae
Scientific name: Felis catus
Daily sleep: 12 – 16 hours
Mass: 3.6 – 4.5 kg (Adult)
32. Caterpillars are the larval stage of members of the order Lepidoptera (the insect order comprising butterflies and moths). As with most common names, the application of the word is arbitrary, since the larvae of sawflies are commonly called caterpillars as well.
33. Cattle, or cows and bulls, are the most common type of large domesticated ungulates. They are a prominent modern member of the subfamily Bovinae, are the most widespread species of the genus Bos, and are most commonly classified collectively as Bos taurus.
Scientific name: Bos taurus
Gestation period: 283 days
Lifespan: 18 – 22 years
Family: Bovidae
Order: Artiodactyla
Mass: Male: 1,100 kg (Adult, Bull), Female: 720 kg (Adult, Cow)
34. Chameleons or chamaeleons are a distinctive and highly specialized clade of Old World lizards with 202 species described as of June 2015. These species come in a range of colors, and many species have the ability to change color.
Scientific name: Chamaeleonidae
Class: Reptilia
Family: Chamaeleonidae; Rafinesque, 1815
Order: Squamata
Lifespan: Veiled chameleon: 5 years, Panther chameleon: 2 – 3 years, Jackson's chameleon: 5 – 10 years
Length: Veiled chameleon: 35 – 45 cm, Panther chameleon: 30 – 51 cm, Jackson's chameleon: 23 – 33 cm
35. The chamois is a species of goat-antelope native to mountains in Europe, from west to east, including the Cantabrian mountains, the Pyrenees, the Alps and the Apennines, the Dinarides, the Tatra and and the Carpathian Mountains, the Balkan Mountains, the Rila - Rhodope massif, Pindus, the northeastern mountains of Turkey, and the Caucasus.
Family: Bovidae
Scientific name: Rupicapra rupicapra
Gestation period: 170 days
Length: 1.1 – 1.4 m (Adult)
Height: 70 – 80 cm (Adult)
Mass: Male: 30 – 60 kg (Adult), Female: 25 – 45 kg (Adult)
36. The cheetah is a large cat native to Africa and central Iran. It is the fastest land animal, capable of running at 80 to 128 km/h, and as such has several adaptations for speed, including a light build, long thin legs and a long tail.
Speed: 93 km/h (Maximum, In Short Bursts, Running)
Scientific name: Acinonyx jubatus
Family: Felidae
Conservation status: Vulnerable (Population decreasing)
Mass: 21 – 72 kg (Adult)
Class: Mammalia
37. The chicken is a type of domesticated fowl, a subspecies of the red junglefowl. Chickens are one of the most common and widespread domestic animals, with a total population of 23.7 billion as of 2018, up from more than 19 billion in 2011. There are more chickens in the world than any other bird or domesticated fowl.
Lifespan: 5 – 10 years
Scientific name: Gallus gallus domesticus
Family: Phasianidae
Class: Aves
Kingdom: Animalia
Mass: Booted Bantam: 850 g, Sebright chicken: 620 g, Ermellinata di Rovigo: 3.4 – 3.9 kg
38. The chimpanzee, also known as the common chimpanzee, robust chimpanzee, or simply chimp, is a species of great ape native to the forest and savannah of tropical Africa. It has four confirmed subspecies and a fifth proposed subspecies. The chimpanzee and the closely related bonobo are classified in the genus Pan.
Scientific name: Pan troglodytes
Class: Mammalia
Family: Hominidae
Trophic level: Omnivorous
Conservation status: Endangered (Population decreasing)
Lifespan: Female: 39 years (In captivity), Male: 32 years (In captivity)
Mass: Male: 40 – 60 kg (Adult), Female: 32 – 47 kg (Adult)
39. Chinchillas are either of two species of crepuscular rodents of the parvorder Caviomorpha. They are slightly larger and more robust than ground squirrels, and are native to the Andes mountains in South America. They live in colonies called "herds" at high elevations of up to 4,270 m.
Lifespan: Long-tailed chinchilla: 10 years
Gestation period: Long-tailed chinchilla: 112 days
Class: Mammalia
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Long-tailed chinchilla: 22 – 38 cm, Short-tailed chinchilla: 28 – 49 cm
Mass: Long-tailed chinchilla: 370 – 490 g, Short-tailed chinchilla: 1.1 – 1.4 kg
40. There are two species of passerine birds commonly called chough that constitute the genus Pyrrhocorax of the Corvidae family of birds. These are the red-billed chough, and the Alpine chough.
Scientific name: Pyrrhocorax
Mass: Red-billed chough: 300 g
Higher classification: Crow family
Rank: Genus
Family: Corvidae
41. Coatis, also known as coatimundis, are members of the family Procyonidae in the genera Nasua and Nasuella. They are diurnal mammals native to South America, Central America, Mexico, and the southwestern United States. The name coatimundi purportedly derives from the Tupian languages of Brazil.
Family: Procyonidae
Genus: Nasua and Nasuella
Order: Carnivora
Length: South American coati: 53 cm, White-nosed coati: 55 cm, Nasuella olivacea: 39 cm
Mass: South American coati: 3.9 kg, White-nosed coati: 3.8 kg, Nasuella olivacea: 1.3 kg
Gestation period: South American coati: 75 days, White-nosed coati: 77 days
42. Cobra is the common name of various elapid snakes, most of which belong to the genus Naja. All of the known cobras are venomous and many are capable of rearing upwards and producing a hood when threatened.
Phylum: Chordata
Family: Elapidae (with some exceptions); Laurenti, 1768
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Suborder: Serpentes
43. Cockroaches are insects of the order Blattodea, which also includes termites. About 30 cockroach species out of 4,600 are associated with human habitats. About four species are well known as pests.
Phylum: Arthropoda
Order: Blattodea
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Insecta
44. Cod is the common name for the demersal fish genus Gadus, belonging to the family Gadidae. Cod is also used as part of the common name for a number of other fish species, and one species that belongs to genus Gadus is not called cod.
Mass: Atlantic cod: 53 kg, Haddock: 9.2 kg, Pollock: 18 kg
45. Phalacrocoracidae is a family of approximately 40 species of aquatic birds commonly known as cormorants and shags. Several different classifications of the family have been proposed recently and the number of genera is disputed.
Family: Phalacrocoracidae; Reichenbach, 1850
Scientific name: Phalacrocoracidae
Wingspan: Kerguelen shag: 1.1 m
Class: Aves
Length: Flightless cormorant: 89 – 100 cm, Kerguelen shag: 65 cm, Imperial shag: 70 – 79 cm
Mass: Flightless cormorant: 2.5 – 5 kg, Imperial shag: 1.8 – 3.5 kg
46. The cougar is a large felid of the subfamily Felinae. It is native to the Americas. Its range spans from the Canadian Yukon to the southern Andes in South America, and is the widest of any large wild terrestrial mammal in the Western Hemisphere.
Scientific name: Puma concolor
Height: 60 – 90 cm (Adult, At Shoulder)
Lifespan: 8 – 13 years (In the wild)
Speed: 64 – 80 km/h (Running)
Family: Felidae
Trophic level: Carnivorous
Mass: Male: 53 – 100 kg (Adult), Female: 29 – 64 kg (Adult)
47. The coyote is a species of canine native to North America. It is smaller than its close relative, the gray wolf, and slightly smaller than the closely related eastern wolf and red wolf.
Speed: 56 – 69 km/h (Adult, In Pursuit)
Scientific name: Canis latrans
Mass: 6.8 – 21 kg (Adult)
Height: 58 – 66 cm (Adult, At Shoulder)
Family: Canidae
Trophic level: Carnivorous
48. Crabs are decapod crustaceans of the infraorder Brachyura, which typically have a very short projecting "tail", usually hidden entirely under the thorax. They live in all the world's oceans, in fresh water, and on land, are generally covered with a thick exoskeleton, and have a single pair of pincers.
Eaten by: Sea anemone
Class: Malacostraca
Scientific name: Brachyura
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
49. Cranes are a family, the Gruidae, of large, long-legged, and long-necked birds in the group Gruiformes. The 15 species of cranes are placed in 3 genera, Antigone, Balearica, and Grus. Unlike the similar-looking but unrelated herons, cranes fly with necks outstretched, not pulled back.
Family: Gruidae; Vigors, 1825
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Grey crowned crane: 100 – 110 cm Encyclopedia of Life
Scientific name: Gruidae
Height: Common crane: 100 – 130 cm, Grey crowned crane: 100 cm, Blue crane: 100 – 120 cm
Wingspan: Common crane: 1.8 – 2.4 m, Grey crowned crane: 2 m, Blue crane: 1.8 – 2 m
50. Crickets, of the family Gryllidae, are insects related to bush crickets, and, more distantly, to grasshoppers. The Gryllidae have mainly cylindrical bodies, round heads, and long antennae. Behind the head is a smooth, robust pronotum.
Eaten by: Mantis
Scientific name: Gryllidae
Family: Gryllidae; Laicharting, 1781
Class: Insecta
Kingdom: Animalia
Order: Orthoptera
51. Crocodiles or true crocodiles are large semiaquatic reptiles that live throughout the tropics in Africa, Asia, the Americas and Australia. Crocodylinae, all of whose members are considered true crocodiles, is classified as a biological subfamily.
Scientific name: Crocodylinae
Family: Crocodylidae
Class: Reptilia
Lifespan: Saltwater crocodile: 70 years, Nile crocodile: 70 – 100 years
Speed: Saltwater crocodile: 24 – 29 km/h, American crocodile: 32 km/h, Nile crocodile: 30 – 35 km/h
Mass: Saltwater crocodile: 400 – 1,000 kg, American crocodile: 400 – 500 kg, Nile crocodile: 220 – 550 kg
52. A crow is a bird of the genus Corvus, or more broadly a synonym for all of Corvus. The term "crow" is used as part of the common name of many species.
Lifespan: Common raven: 10 – 15 years, American crow: 7 – 8 years, Australian raven: 22 years
53. The cuckoos are a family of birds, Cuculidae, the sole taxon in the order Cuculiformes. The cuckoo family includes the common or European cuckoo, roadrunners, koels, malkohas, couas, coucals and anis. The coucals and anis are sometimes separated as distinct families, the Centropodidae and Crotophagidae respectively.
Family: Cuculidae; Leach, 1820
Length: Greater roadrunner: 50 – 62 cm
Scientific name: Cuculidae
Order: Cuculiformes; Wagler, 1830
Kingdom: Animalia
Mass: Common cuckoo: 110 g, Smooth-billed ani: 110 g
54. The curlews, genus Numenius, are a group of nine species of birds, characterised by long, slender, downcurved bills and mottled brown plumage. The English name is imitative of the Eurasian curlew's call, but may have been influenced by the Old French corliu, "messenger", from courir, "to run".
Family: Scolopacidae
Scientific name: Numenius
Higher classification: Sandpiper
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Shorebirds
Mass: Eurasian curlew: 730 g, Eurasian whimbrel: 360 g
55. Deer are the hoofed ruminant mammals forming the family Cervidae. The two main groups of deer are the Cervinae, including the muntjac, the elk, the fallow deer, and the chital; and the Capreolinae, including the reindeer, the roe deer, and the moose.
Family: Cervidae; Goldfuss, 1820
Scientific name: Cervidae
Lifespan: Moose: 15 – 25 years, Elk: 10 – 13 years
Gestation period: Red deer: 236 days, Roe deer: 290 days
56. The dhole is a canid native to Central, South, East Asia, and Southeast Asia. Other English names for the species include Asian wild dog, Asiatic wild dog, Indian wild dog, whistling dog, red dog, and mountain wolf.
Scientific name: Cuon alpinus
Family: Canidae
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Mammalia
Kingdom: Animalia
Rank: Species
57. The dingo is a dog that is found in Australia. Its taxonomic classification is debated. It is a medium-sized canine that possesses a lean, hardy body adapted for speed, agility, and stamina. The dingo's three main coat colours are: light ginger or tan, black and tan, or creamy white.
Class: Mammalia
Family: Canidae
Order: Carnivora
Scientific name: Canis lupus dingo
Mass: 10 – 20 kg (Adult)
Phylum: Chordata
58. Dinosaurs are a diverse group of reptiles of the clade Dinosauria. They first appeared during the Triassic period, between 243 and 233.23 million years ago, although the exact origin and timing of the evolution of dinosaurs is the subject of active research.
Kingdom: Animalia
Scientific name: Dinosauria
Higher classification: Dinosauriformes
Phylum: Chordata
59. The dog is a domesticated carnivoran of the family Canidae. It is part of the wolf-like canids, and is the most widely abundant terrestrial carnivore.
Gestation period: 58 – 68 days
Lifespan: 10 – 13 years
Scientific name: Canis lupus familiaris
Family: Canidae
Daily sleep: 12 – 14 hours (Adult)
Class: Mammalia
60. The spiny dogfish, spurdog, mud shark, or piked dogfish is one of the best known species of the Squalidae family of sharks, which is part of the Squaliformes order. While these common names may apply to several species, Squalus acanthias is distinguished by having two spines and lacks an anal fin.
Class: Chondrichthyes
Phylum: Chordata
Family: Squalidae
Order: Squaliformes
Scientific name: Squalus acanthias
Kingdom: Animalia
61. Dolphin is a common name of aquatic mammals within the infraorder Cetacea. The term dolphin usually refers to the extant families Delphinidae, Platanistidae, Iniidae, and Pontoporiidae, and the extinct Lipotidae. There are 40 extant species named as dolphins.
Speed: Short-beaked common dolphin: 60 km/h
Phylum: Chordata
Lifespan: Killer whale: 29 years, Striped dolphin: 55 – 60 years
Mass: Killer whale: 3,600 – 5,400 kg
Length: Killer whale: 6 – 8 m
Gestation period: Killer whale: 15 – 18 months
62. Columbidae is a bird family consisting of pigeons and doves. It is the only family in the order Columbiformes. These are stout-bodied birds with short necks, and short slender bills that in some species feature fleshy ceres. They primarily feed on seeds, fruits, and plants.
Scientific name: Columbidae
Clutch size: Marquesan imperial pigeon: 1
Family: Columbidae; Leach, 1820
Class: Aves
63. A dragonfly is an insect belonging to the order Odonata, infraorder Anisoptera. Adult dragonflies are characterized by large, multifaceted eyes, two pairs of strong, transparent wings, sometimes with coloured patches, and an elongated body.
Scientific name: Anisoptera
Lifespan: 6 months
Rank: Suborder
Class: Insecta
Order: Odonata
Kingdom: Animalia
64. Duck is the common name for numerous species in the waterfowl family Anatidae which also includes swans and geese. Ducks are divided among several subfamilies in the family Anatidae; they do not represent a monophyletic group but a form taxon, since swans and geese are not considered ducks.
Lifespan: Mallard: 5 – 10 years
Clutch size: Mallard: 8 – 13
Phylum: Chordata
Wingspan: Mallard: 81 – 98 cm
65. The dugong is a medium-sized marine mammal. It is one of four living species of the order Sirenia, which also includes three species of manatees. It is the only living representative of the once-diverse family Dugongidae; its closest modern relative, Steller's sea cow, was hunted to extinction in the 18th century.
Scientific name: Dugong dugon
Family: Dugongidae
Conservation status: Vulnerable
Class: Mammalia
Trophic level: Omnivorous
Mass: 300 kg (Adult)
66. The dunlin is a small wader, sometimes separated with the other "stints" in Erolia. The English name is a dialect form of "dunling", first recorded in 1531–2. It derives from dun, "dull brown", with the suffix -ling, meaning a person or thing with the given quality.
Family: Scolopacidae
Scientific name: Calidris alpina
Mass: 52 g
Conservation status: Least Concern (Population decreasing)
Higher classification: Calidris
Phylum: Chordata
67. Eagle is the common name for many large birds of prey of the familia Accipitridae. Eagles belong to several groups of genera, not all of which are closely related. Most of the 60 species of eagle are from Eurasia and Africa.
Speed: Bald eagle: 120 – 160 km/h
Lifespan: Bald eagle: 20 years, Crowned eagle: 14 years
Wingspan: Bald eagle: 1.8 – 2.3 m, Golden eagle: 1.8 – 2.3 m
Mass: Bald eagle: 3 – 6.3 kg, Golden eagle: 3 – 7 kg
Length: Golden eagle: 66 – 100 cm, Harpy eagle: 99 cm
Clutch size: Steller's sea eagle: 1 – 3, Crowned eagle: 1 – 2, Booted eagle: 1 – 2, Sharp-shinned hawk: 4 – 5
68. Echidnas, sometimes known as spiny anteaters, belong to the family Tachyglossidae in the monotreme order of egg-laying mammals. The four extant species of echidnas and the platypus are the only living mammals that lay eggs and the only surviving members of the order Monotremata.
Class: Mammalia
Scientific name: Tachyglossidae
Family: Tachyglossidae; Gill, 1872
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Short-beaked echidna: 30 – 45 cm, Western long-beaked echidna: 45 – 77 cm
69. An eel is any ray-finned fish belonging to the order Anguilliformes, which consists of eight suborders, 19 families, 111 genera, and about 800 species. Eels undergo considerable development from the early larval stage to the eventual adult stage, and most are predators.
Class: Actinopterygii
Scientific name: Anguilliformes
Order: Anguilliformes; L. S. Berg, 1943
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: European eel: 60 – 80 cm, American eel: 50 cm, Short-finned eel: 90 cm
Mass: European eel: 3.6 kg, American eel: 4 kg
70. The common eland, also known as the southern eland or eland antelope, is a savannah and plains antelope found in East and Southern Africa. It is a species of the family Bovidae and genus Taurotragus.
Scientific name: Taurotragus oryx
Lifespan: 15 – 20 years
Speed: 40 km/h (Maximum)
Mass: Male: 400 – 940 kg (Adult), Female: 300 – 600 kg (Adult)
Length: Male: 2.4 – 3.4 m (Adult, Without Tail), Female: 2 – 2.8 m (Adult, Without Tail)
Height: Male: 1.6 m (Adult, At Shoulder), Female: 1.2 – 1.5 m (Adult, At Shoulder)
71. Elephants are mammals of the family Elephantidae and the largest existing land animals. Three species are currently recognised: the African bush elephant, the African forest elephant, and the Asian elephant. Elephantidae is the only surviving family of the order Proboscidea; extinct members include the mastodons.
Phylum: Chordata
Length: Asian elephant: 5.5 – 6.5 m
Gestation period: African bush elephant: 22 months, Asian elephant: 18 – 22 months
Lifespan: African bush elephant: 60 – 70 years, Asian elephant: 48 years, African forest elephant: 60 – 70 years
Mass: African bush elephant: 6,000 kg, Asian elephant: 4,000 kg, African forest elephant: 2,700 kg
Height: African bush elephant: 3.2 m, Asian elephant: 2.7 m
72. Elephant seals are large, oceangoing earless seals in the genus Mirounga. The two species, the northern elephant seal and the southern elephant seal, were both hunted to the brink of extinction by the end of the 19th century, but their numbers have since recovered.
Family: Phocidae
Scientific name: Mirounga
Class: Mammalia
Mass: Southern elephant seal: 2,200 – 4,000 kg, Northern elephant seal: 1,500 – 2,300 kg
Length: Southern elephant seal: 3.7 m, Northern elephant seal: 3.7 m Encyclopedia of Life
Gestation period: Southern elephant seal: 243 days, Northern elephant seal: 291 days
73. The elk or wapiti is one of the largest species within the deer family, Cervidae, and one of the largest terrestrial mammals in North America and Northeast Asia.
Family: Cervidae
Lifespan: 10 – 13 years (In the wild)
Scientific name: Cervus canadensis
Gestation period: 240 – 262 days
Height: Male: 1.5 m (At Shoulder, Mature), Female: 1.3 m (At Shoulder)
Mass: Male: 320 – 330 kg (Mature), Female: 220 – 240 kg
Length: Male: 2.4 m (Mature), Female: 2.1 m (Nose to tail)
74. The emu is the second-largest living bird by height, after its ratite relative, the ostrich. It is endemic to Australia where it is the largest native bird and the only extant member of the genus Dromaius.
Conservation status: Least Concern (Population stable)
Class: Aves
Order: Casuariiformes
Family: Casuariidae
Mass: 36 – 40 kg
Scientific name: Dromaius novaehollandiae
75. Falcons are birds of prey in the genus Falco, which includes about 40 species. Falcons are widely distributed on all continents of the world except Antarctica, though closely related raptors did occur there in the Eocene.
Speed: Peregrine falcon: 390 km/h
Family: Falconidae
Scientific name: Falco
Class: Aves
76. The ferret is the domesticated form of the European polecat, a mammal belonging to the same genus as the weasel, Mustela, in the family Mustelidae. Their fur is typically brown, black, white, or mixed.
Lifespan: 5 – 10 years
Family: Mustelidae
Scientific name: Mustela putorius furo
Length: 38 cm (Without Tail)
Daily sleep: 14 – 18 hours
Gestation period: 42 days
77. The true finches are small to medium-sized passerine birds in the family Fringillidae. Finches have stout conical bills adapted for eating seeds and nuts and often have colourful plumage. They occupy a great range of habitats where they are usually resident and do not migrate.
Organism classification: Carduelinae, Euphoniinae
Clutch size: Lesser goldfinch: 3 – 4
Scientific name: Fringillidae
Mass: Lesser goldfinch: 8 – 12 g
Rank: Family
Length: Collared grosbeak: 22 – 24 cm, Lesser goldfinch: 9 – 12 cm, Andean siskin: 9.5 – 11 cm
78. Fish are gill-bearing aquatic craniate animals that lack limbs with digits. They form a sister group to the tunicates, together forming the olfactores. Included in this definition are the living hagfish, lampreys, and cartilaginous and bony fish as well as various extinct related groups.
Kingdom: Animalia
Lifespan: Siamese fighting fish: 3 – 5 years
Length: Siamese fighting fish: 7 cm, Common carp: 40 – 80 cm
Phylum: Chordate
Mass: Common carp: 2 – 14 kg, Ocean sunfish: 1,000 kg, MORE Encyclopedia of Life
Speed: Ocean sunfish: 3.2 km/h, Great white shark: 56 km/h
79. Flamingos or flamingoes are a type of wading bird in the family Phoenicopteridae, the only bird family in the order Phoenicopteriformes. Four flamingo species are distributed throughout the Americas, including the Caribbean, and two species are native to Africa, Asia, and Europe.
Phylum: Chordata
Family: Phoenicopteridae; Bonaparte, 1831
Class: Aves
Kingdom: Animalia
Order: Phoenicopteriformes
80. True flies are insects of the order Diptera, the name being derived from the Greek δι- di- "two", and πτερόν pteron "wing".
Scientific name: Diptera
Order: Diptera; Linnaeus, 1758
Class: Insecta
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Housefly: 0.6 – 0.7 cm
Lifespan: Housefly: 28 days, Culex pipiens: 7 days
81. Foxes are small to medium-sized, omnivorous mammals belonging to several genera of the family Canidae. Foxes have a flattened skull, upright triangular ears, a pointed, slightly upturned snout, and a long bushy tail. Twelve species belong to the monophyletic "true foxes" group of genus Vulpes.
Lifespan: Red fox: 2 – 5 years
Speed: Red fox: 50 km/h
Phylum: Chordata
Height: Red fox: 35 – 50 cm, Fennec fox: 20 cm, Arctic fox: 25 – 30 cm
Mass: Red fox: 2.2 – 14 kg, Fennec fox: 0.68 – 1.6 kg,
Length: Red fox: 45 – 90 cm, Fennec fox: 24 – 41 cm
82. A frog is any member of a diverse and largely carnivorous group of short-bodied, tailless amphibians composing the order Anura. The oldest fossil "proto-frog" appeared in the early Triassic of Madagascar, but molecular clock dating suggests their origins may extend further back to the Permian, 265 million years ago.
Scientific name: Anura
Lifespan: Common toad: 10 – 12 years
Class: Amphibia
Order: Anura; Duméril, 1806 (as Anoures)
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
83. The gaur, also called the Indian bison, is native to South and Southeast Asia and has been listed as Vulnerable on the IUCN Red List since 1986. The global population has been estimated at maximum 21,000 mature individuals by 2016.
Family: Bovidae
Scientific name: Bos gaurus
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Mammalia
Higher classification: Oxen
Phylum: Chordata
84. A gazelle is any of many antelope species in the genus Gazella. A third former subgenus, Procapra, includes three living species of Asian gazelles. Gazelles are known as swift animals.
Speed: 97 km/h (Maximum, In Short Bursts, Running)
Family: Bovidae
Scientific name: Gazella
Kingdom: Animalia
Height: 61 – 110 cm (Adult, At Shoulder)
Mass: Mountain gazelle: 21 kg, Dorcas gazelle: 14 kg
85. Geckos are small lizards belonging to the infraorder Gekkota, found in warm climates throughout the world. They range from 1.6 to 60 cm. Most geckos cannot blink, but they often lick their eyes to keep them clean and moist. They have a fixed lens within each iris that enlarges in darkness to let in more light.
Lifespan: Common leopard gecko: 15 years
Clutch size: Texas banded gecko: 1 – 2
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Squamata
Class: Reptilia
Kingdom: Animalia
86. A gerbil is a small mammal of the subfamily Gerbillinae in the order Rodentia. Once known as desert rats, the gerbil subfamily includes about 110 species of African, Indian, and Asian rodents, including sand rats and jirds, all of which are adapted to arid habitats.
Eaten by: Red fox
Family: Muridae
Lifespan: Pachyuromys duprasi: 5 – 7 years, Great gerbil: 2 – 4 years
87. The giant panda, also known as the panda bear or simply the panda, is a bear native to south central China. It is characterised by large, black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body. The name "giant panda" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the red panda, a neighboring musteloid.
Scientific name: Ailuropoda melanoleuca
Family: Ursidae
Order: Carnivora
Trophic level: Herbivorous
Lifespan: 20 years (In the wild)
Class: Mammalia
88. The giraffe is an African artiodactyl mammal, the tallest living terrestrial animal and the largest ruminant. It is traditionally considered to be one species, Giraffa camelopardalis, with nine subspecies.
Height: Northern giraffe: 4.6 – 6.1 m
Eats: Acacia
Scientific name: Giraffa
Family: Giraffidae
Class: Mammalia
Speed: 60 km/h (Maximum, Sprint)
Habitats: Savanna, Grassland, Woodland
89. A gnat is any of many species of tiny flying insects in the dipterid suborder Nematocera, especially those in the families Mycetophilidae, Anisopodidae and Sciaridae. They can be both biting and non-biting. Most often they fly in large numbers, called clouds.
Lifespan: Culex pipiens: 7 days
90. The wildebeest, also called the gnu, is an antelope in the genus Connochaetes. It belongs to the family Bovidae, which includes antelopes, cattle, goats, sheep, and other even-toed horned ungulates.
Speed: 80 km/h (Maximum, Adult, Running)
Family: Bovidae
Mass: Black wildebeest: 130 kg
Lifespan: 20 years
Length: Black wildebeest: 1.8 m
Height: 1.3 – 1.5 m (Adult, At Shoulder)
91. The domestic goat or simply goat is a subspecies of C. aegagrus domesticated from the wild goat of Southwest Asia and Eastern Europe. The goat is a member of the animal family Bovidae and the subfamily Caprinae, meaning it is closely related to the sheep. There are over 300 distinct breeds of goat.
Gestation period: 150 days
Scientific name: Capra aegagrus hircus
Lifespan: 15 – 18 years
Family: Bovidae
Mass: 20 – 140 kg (Adult)
Higher classification: Wild goat
92. The American goldfinch is a small North American bird in the finch family. It is migratory, ranging from mid-Alberta to North Carolina during the breeding season, and from just south of the Canada–United States border to Mexico during the winter.
Scientific name: Spinus tristis
Length: 11 – 13 cm
Family: Fringillidae
Mass: 14 g
Class: Aves
Kingdom: Animalia
93. The common merganser or goosander is a large seaduck of rivers and lakes in forested areas of Europe, the northern and central Palearctic, and North America. The common merganser eats fish and nests in holes in trees.
Family: Anatidae
Scientific name: Mergus merganser
Higher classification: Typical mergansers
Length: 53 – 69 cm
Mass: 1.5 kg
94. A goose is a bird of any of several waterfowl species in the family Anatidae. This group comprises the genera Anser, Branta, and Chen, the latter sometimes being placed within the genus Anser. Some other birds, mostly related to the shelducks, have "goose" as part of their names.
Scientific name: Anserini
Lifespan: Canada goose: 10 – 24 years
Mass: Canada goose: 3.2 – 6.5 kg
Clutch size: Canada goose: 2 – 9, Swan goose: 5 – 6
Length: Canada goose: 75 – 110 cm, Swan goose: 81 – 94 cm
Wingspan: Canada goose: 1.3 – 1.8 m, Swan goose: 1.6 – 1.8 m
95. Gorillas are ground-dwelling, predominantly herbivorous apes that inhabit the forest of central Sub-Saharan Africa. The genus Gorilla is divided into two species: the eastern gorillas and the western gorillas, and either four or five subspecies. They are the largest living primates.
Scientific name: Gorilla
Lifespan: 35 – 40 years
Height: Western gorilla: 1.6 – 1.7 m
Family: Hominidae
Order: Primates
Mass: Western gorilla: 160 kg, Eastern gorilla: 150 kg
96. The northern goshawk is a medium-large raptor in the family Accipitridae, which also includes other extant diurnal raptors, such as eagles, buzzards and harriers. As a species in the genus Accipiter, the goshawk is often considered a "true hawk".
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: 55 – 61 cm
Order: Accipitriformes
Mass: 0.63 – 1.4 kg
Scientific name: Accipiter gentilis
Family: Accipitridae
97. Grasshoppers are a group of insects belonging to the suborder Caelifera. They are among what is probably the most ancient living group of chewing herbivorous insects, dating back to the early Triassic around 250 million years ago.
Phylum: Arthropoda
Informal group: Acridomorpha; Dirsh, 1966
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Insecta
Order: Orthoptera
Suborder: Caelifera
98. Grouse are a group of birds from the order Galliformes, in the family Phasianidae. Grouse are frequently assigned to the subfamily Tetraoninae, a classification supported by mitochondrial DNA sequence studies, and applied by the American Ornithologists' Union, ITIS, and others.
Order: Galliformes
Class: Aves
Phylum: Chordata
Scientific name: Tetraoninae
99. The guanaco is a camelid native to South America, closely related to the llama. Its name comes from the Quechua word huanaco. Young guanacos are called chulengos.
Class: Mammalia
Scientific name: Lama guanicoe
Family: Camelidae
Lifespan: 20 – 25 years
Mass: 90 kg (Adult)
Height: 100 – 120 cm (Adult, At Shoulder)
100. Guineafowl are birds of the family Numididae in the order Galliformes. They are endemic to Africa and rank among the oldest of the gallinaceous birds. Phylogenetically, they branched off from the core Galliformes after the Cracidae and before the Odontophoridae.
Scientific name: Numididae
Family: Numididae; Longchamps, 1842
Mass: Helmeted guineafowl: 1.3 kg
Class: Aves
101. The guinea pig or domestic guinea pig, also known as cavy or domestic cavy, is a species of rodent belonging to the family Caviidae and the genus Cavia. Despite their common name, guinea pigs are not native to Guinea, nor are they closely biologically related to pigs, and the origin of the name is still unclear.
Lifespan: 4 – 8 years
Gestation period: 59 – 72 days (Adult)
Family: Caviidae
Scientific name: Cavia porcellus
Mass: 0.7 – 1.2 kg (Adult)
Length: 20 – 25 cm (Adult)
102. Gulls or, colloquially, seagulls, are seabirds of the family Laridae in the suborder Lari. They are most closely related to the terns and only distantly related to auks, skimmers, and more distantly to the waders.
Family: Laridae
Kingdom: Animalia
Mass: Black-headed gull: 280 g, European herring gull: 1 – 1.5 kg
Wingspan: European herring gull: 1.2 – 1.6 m, Great black-backed gull: 1.5 – 1.7 m, Little gull: 61 – 78 cm
Length: European herring gull: 60 – 67 cm
Clutch size: European herring gull: 2 – 4, Great black-backed gull: 1 – 3, Little gull: 2 – 6, Swallow-tailed gull: 1
103. Hamsters are rodents belonging to the subfamily Cricetinae, which contains 19 species classified in seven genera. They have become established as popular small house pets. The best-known species of hamster is the golden or Syrian hamster, which is the type most commonly kept as pets.
Eaten by: Red fox
Gestation period: Roborovski dwarf hamster: 22 days
Scientific name: Cricetinae
Kingdom: Animalia
Lifespan: Roborovski dwarf hamster: 3 years, Chinese hamster: 2 – 3 years
Mass: Roborovski dwarf hamster: 20 – 25 g, Chinese hamster: 30 – 45 g, Chinese striped hamster: 17 – 31 g
104. Hares and jackrabbits are leporids belonging to the genus Lepus. Hares are classified in the same family as rabbits. They are similar in size and form to rabbits and have similar herbivorous diets, but generally have longer ears and live solitarily or in pairs.
Speed: Arctic hare: 60 km/h
Class: Mammalia
Family: Leporidae
Scientific name: Lepus
Order: Lagomorpha
Lifespan: Arctic hare: 18 months, Scrub hare: 1 – 5 years
Length: Arctic hare: 43 – 70 cm, Scrub hare: 45 – 65 cm, Antelope jackrabbit: 40 – 60 cm
105. Hawks are a group of medium-sized diurnal birds of prey of the family Accipitridae. Hawks are widely distributed and vary greatly in size. The subfamily Accipitrinae includes goshawks, sparrowhawks, sharp-shinned hawks and others. This subfamily are mainly woodland birds with long tails and high visual acuity.
Phylum: Chordata
Family: Accipitridae
Wingspan: Red-tailed hawk: 1 – 1.5 m
Mass: Red-tailed hawk: 1.1 kg, Eurasian sparrowhawk: 220 g
Length: Red-tailed hawk: 45 – 65 cm
Clutch size: Sharp-shinned hawk: 4 – 5, Black sparrowhawk: 2 – 4, Grey goshawk: 2 – 3
106. A hedgehog is any of the spiny mammals of the subfamily Erinaceinae, in the eulipotyphlan family Erinaceidae. There are seventeen species of hedgehog in five genera found through parts of Europe, Asia, and Africa, and in New Zealand by introduction.
Lifespan: Woodland hedgehogs: 2 – 5 years
Scientific name: Erinaceinae
Class: Mammalia
Gestation period: Woodland hedgehogs: 30 – 40 days, Desert hedgehog: 30 – 40 days
Length: Woodland hedgehogs: 20 – 30 cm, Daurian hedgehog: 15 – 20 cm, Desert hedgehog: 14 – 28 cm
Mass: Woodland hedgehogs: 0.4 – 1.2 kg, Daurian hedgehog: 600 g, Desert hedgehog: 280 – 510 g
107. Hermit crabs are decapod crustaceans of the superfamily Paguroidea. There are over 800 species of hermit crab, most of which possess an asymmetric abdomen concealed in a scavenged mollusc shell.
Scientific name: Paguroidea
Class: Malacostraca
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Arthropoda
Order: Decapods
Rank: Superfamily
108. The herons are long-legged freshwater and coastal birds in the family Ardeidae, with 64 recognised species, some of which are referred to as egrets or bitterns rather than herons.
Family: Ardeidae; Leach, 1820
Height: Goliath heron: 1.2 – 1.5 m
Scientific name: Ardeidae
Wingspan: Grey heron: 1.6 – 2 m, Great egret: 1.3 – 1.7 m, Goliath heron: 1.8 – 2.3 m, Little bittern: 40 – 58 cm
Length: Grey heron: 84 – 100 cm, Great egret: 80 – 100 cm, Goliath heron: 1.2 – 1.5 m, Little bittern: 25 – 36 cm
Mass: Grey heron: 1 – 2.1 kg, Great egret: 0.7 – 1.5 kg, Goliath heron: 4 – 5 kg, Little bittern: 59 – 150 g
109. Herring are forage fish, mostly belonging to the family Clupeidae. Herring often move in large schools around fishing banks and near the coast, found particularly in shallow, temperate waters of the North Pacific and North Atlantic Oceans, including the Baltic Sea, as well as off the west coast of South America.
110. The hippopotamus, also called the hippo, common hippopotamus or river hippopotamus, is a large, mostly herbivorous, semiaquatic mammal and ungulate native to sub-Saharan Africa. It is one of only two extant species in the family Hippopotamidae, the other being the pygmy hippopotamus.
Trophic level: Omnivorous
Speed: 30 km/h (On Land, Running)
Scientific name: Hippopotamus amphibius
Diet: Herbivore
Mass: Male: 1,500 – 1,800 kg (Adult), Female: 1,300 – 1,500 kg (Adult)
Habitats: River, Lake, Swamp
111. The hoatzin, also known as the reptile bird, skunk bird, stinkbird, or Canje pheasant, is a species of tropical bird found in swamps, riparian forests, and mangroves of the Amazon and the Orinoco basins in South America. It is notable for having chicks that have claws on two of their wing digits.
Scientific name: Ophisthocomus hoazin
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Opisthocomidae
Higher classification: Opisthocomus
Rank: Species
Class: Aves
112. Hoopoes are colourful birds found across Africa, Asia, and Europe, notable for their distinctive "crown" of feathers. Three living and one extinct species are recognised, though for many years all of the extant species were lumped as a single species—Upupa epops.
Class: Aves
Family: Upupidae; Leach, 1820
Scientific name: Upupidae
Mass: Eurasian hoopoe: 67 g
Higher classification: Bucerotiformes
Order: Bucerotiformes
113. Hornets are the largest of the eusocial wasps, and are similar in appearance to their close relatives yellowjackets. Some species can reach up to 5.5 cm in length.
Family: Vespidae
Scientific name: Vespa
Speed: Asian giant hornet: 40 km/h
Order: Hymenoptera
Class: Insecta
Length: Asian giant hornet: 5.5 cm, Asian hornet: 2 cm, European hornet: 1.8 – 2.4 cm
114. The horse is one of two extant subspecies of Equus ferus. It is an odd-toed ungulate mammal belonging to the taxonomic family Equidae. The horse has evolved over the past 45 to 55 million years from a small multi-toed creature, Eohippus, into the large, single-toed animal of today.
Lifespan: 25 – 30 years
Speed: 88 km/h (Maximum, Sprint)
Scientific name: Equus caballus
Family: Equidae
Mass: 380 – 1,000 kg (Adult)
Gestation period: 11 – 12 months
115. Homo sapiens is the only extant human species, all of whose members are of the subspecies Homo sapiens sapiens. The name is Latin for wise man, and was introduced in 1758 by Carl Linnaeus. Extinct species of the genus Homo include Homo erectus and a number of other species.
Lifespan: 79 years
Speed: 45 km/h (Maximum, Running)
Scientific name: Homo sapiens
Order: Primates
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Mammalia
Height: Male: 1.7 m, Female: 1.6 m
116. Hummingbirds are birds native to the Americas and constituting the biological family Trochilidae. They are the smallest of birds, most species measuring 7.5–13 cm in length. The smallest extant bird species is the 5 cm bee hummingbird, which weighs less than 2.0 g.
Lifespan: 3 – 5 years
Speed: 79 km/h (Maximum, Diving)
Scientific name: Trochilidae
Family: Trochilidae; Vigors, 1825
Mass: Bee hummingbird: 1.6 – 2 g
Length: Bee hummingbird: 5 – 6.1 cm
117. Hyenas or hyaenas are feliform carnivoran mammals of the family Hyaenidae. With only four extant species, it is the fifth-smallest biological family in the Carnivora, and one of the smallest in the class Mammalia. Despite their low diversity, hyenas are unique and vital components of most African ecosystems.
Family: Hyaenidae; Gray, 1821
Scientific name: Hyaenidae
Kingdom: Animalia
Order: Carnivora
Mass: Spotted hyena: 44 – 64 kg, Striped hyena: 22 – 55 kg, Brown hyena: 40 – 44 kg
Height: Spotted hyena: 70 – 92 cm, Striped hyena: 60 – 80 cm, Brown hyena: 70 – 80 cm
118. The Alpine ibex, also known as the steinbock, bouquetin, or simply ibex, is a species of wild goat that lives in the mountains of the European Alps. It is a sexually dimorphic species with larger males that carry larger, curved horns. Their coat colour is typically brownish grey.
Family: Bovidae
Mass: 70 kg (Adult)
Scientific name: Capra ibex
Conservation status: Least Concern (Population increasing)
Order: Artiodactyla
Trophic level: Herbivorous
119. The ibises are a group of long-legged wading birds in the family Threskiornithidae, that inhabit wetlands, forests and plains. "Ibis" derives from the Latin and Ancient Greek word for this group of birds. It also occurs in the scientific name of the cattle egret mistakenly identified in 1757 as being the sacred ibis.
Scientific name: Threskiornithinae
Order: Pelecaniformes
Length: African sacred ibis: 65 – 75 cm Encyclopedia of Life
Mass: African sacred ibis: 1.5 kg Encyclopedia of Life
Higher classification: Threskiornithidae
Rank: Subfamily
120. Iguana is a genus of herbivorous lizards that are native to tropical areas of Mexico, Central America, South America, and the Caribbean.
Scientific name: Iguana
Class: Reptilia
Family: Iguanidae
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Green iguana: 30 – 42 cm, Marine iguana: 60 – 100 cm, Blue iguana: 51 – 76 cm
Mass: Green iguana: 4 kg, Marine iguana: 0.5 – 1.5 kg, Blue iguana: 14 kg
121. The impala is a medium-sized antelope found in eastern and southern Africa. The sole member of the genus Aepyceros, it was first described to European audiences by German zoologist Hinrich Lichtenstein in 1812. Two subspecies are recognised—the common impala, and the larger and darker black-faced impala.
Speed: 75 – 90 km/h (Running, In a zig-zag)
Family: Bovidae
Scientific name: Aepyceros melampus
Length: 1.4 m (Adult)
Trophic level: Herbivorous
Mass: Male: 40 – 75 kg (Adult), Female: 30 – 50 kg (Adult)
122. Jackals are medium-sized omnivorous mammals of the genus Canis, a genus which also includes wolves and the domestic dog.
Phylum: Chordata
Family: Canidae
Length: Golden jackal: 83 cm, Black-backed jackal: 60 – 90 cm, Side-striped jackal: 69 – 81 cm
Height: Black-backed jackal: 30 – 48 cm, Side-striped jackal: 35 – 50 cm
Mass: Golden jackal: 11 kg, Black-backed jackal: 5.4 – 10 kg, Side-striped jackal: 6.5 – 14 kg
Gestation period: Golden jackal: 61 days, Black-backed jackal: 60 days, Side-striped jackal: 57 – 70 days
123. The jaguar is a large felid species and the only extant member of the genus Panthera native to the Americas. The jaguar's present range extends from Southwestern United States and Mexico in North America, across much of Central America, and south to Paraguay and northern Argentina in South America.
Scientific name: Panthera onca
Mass: 56 – 96 kg (Adult)
Lifespan: 12 – 15 years (In the wild)
Family: Felidae
Conservation status: Near Threatened (Population decreasing)
Height: 63 – 76 cm (Adult, At Shoulder)
124. The blue jay is a passerine bird in the family Corvidae, native to eastern North America. It resides through most of eastern and central United States, although western populations may be migratory.
Scientific name: Cyanocitta cristata
Family: Corvidae
Class: Aves
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: 22 – 30 cm
Mass: 65 – 110 g
125. Jellyfish and sea jellies are the informal common names given to the medusa-phase of certain gelatinous members of the subphylum Medusozoa, a major part of the phylum Cnidaria.
126. Jerboas form the bulk of the membership of the family Dipodidae. Jerboas are hopping desert rodents found throughout Arabia, Northern Africa and Asia. They tend to live in hot deserts. When chased, jerboas can run at up to 24 kilometres per hour. Some species are preyed on by little owls in central Asia.
Lifespan: 2 – 3 years
Speed: 24 km/h (Maximum, Running)
Family: Dipodidae
Length: Lesser Egyptian jerboa: 10 cm, Baluchistan pygmy jerboa: 4.4 cm
Mass: Lesser Egyptian jerboa: 57 g
Gestation period: Lesser Egyptian jerboa: 34 days, Greater Egyptian jerboa: 40 days, Dwarf fat-tailed jerboa: 28 days
127. The kangaroo is a marsupial from the family Macropodidae. In common use the term is used to describe the largest species from this family, the red kangaroo, as well as the antilopine kangaroo, eastern grey kangaroo, and western grey kangaroo. Kangaroos are indigenous to Australia.
Phylum: Chordata
Length: Eastern grey kangaroo: 2.8 m
Family: Macropodidae; Gray, 1821
Kingdom: Animalia
Gestation period: Red kangaroo: 34 days
Mass: Red kangaroo: 47 kg, Eastern grey kangaroo: 50 – 66 kg, Antilopine kangaroo: 38 kg, Western grey kangaroo: 26 kg
128. Kingfishers or Alcedinidae are a family of small to medium-sized, brightly colored birds in the order Coraciiformes. They have a cosmopolitan distribution, with most species found in the tropical regions of Africa, Asia, and Oceania. The family contains 114 species and is divided into three subfamilies and 19 genera.
Family: Alcedinidae; Rafinesque, 1815
Scientific name: Alcedinidae
Order: Coraciiformes
Class: Aves
Length: Common kingfisher: 17 cm, Belted kingfisher: 33 cm, Pied kingfisher: 25 – 29 cm, White-throated kingfisher: 19 – 21 cm
Mass: Common kingfisher: 31 g, Belted kingfisher: 150 g
129. The kinkajou is a tropical rainforest mammal of the family Procyonidae related to olingos, coatis, raccoons, and the ringtail and cacomistle. It is the only member of the genus Potos and is also known as the "honey bear".
Family: Procyonidae
Lifespan: 23 years (In captivity)
Class: Mammalia
Length: 40 – 60 cm (Adult)
Scientific name: Potos flavus
Mass: 1.4 – 4.6 kg (Adult)
130. The koala or, inaccurately, koala bear is an arboreal herbivorous marsupial native to Australia. It is the only extant representative of the family Phascolarctidae and its closest living relatives are the wombats, which are members of the family Vombatidae.
Family: Phascolarctidae
Scientific name: Phascolarctos cinereus
Class: Mammalia
Lifespan: 13 – 18 years (In the wild)
Kingdom: Animalia
Trophic level: Herbivorous
131. The Komodo dragon, also known as the Komodo monitor, is a species of lizard found in the Indonesian islands of Komodo, Rinca, Flores, and Gili Motang.
Scientific name: Varanus komodoensis
Speed: 20 km/h (Maximum, On Land, Sprint)
Conservation status: Vulnerable
Class: Reptilia
Length: Male: 2.6 m (Adult), Female: 2.3 m (Adult)
Mass: Male: 79 – 91 kg (Adult), Female: 68 – 73 kg (Adult)
132. Kookaburras are terrestrial tree kingfishers of the genus Dacelo native to Australia and New Guinea, which grow to between 28 and 42 centimetres in length and weigh around 300 grams. The name is a loanword from Wiradjuri guuguubarra, onomatopoeic of its call.
Class: Aves
Family: Alcedinidae
Scientific name: Dacelo
Mass: Laughing kookaburra: 300 g
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
133. The kouprey is a little-known, forest-dwelling, wild bovine species native to Southeast Asia. A young male was sent to the Vincennes Zoo in 1937 where it was described by the French zoologist Achille Urbain and was declared the holotype. The kouprey has a tall, narrow body, long legs, a humped back and long horns.
Height: 1.7 – 1.9 m (Adult, At Shoulder)
Mass: 680 – 910 kg (Adult)
Scientific name: Bos sauveli
Conservation status: Critically Endangered
Trophic level: Herbivorous
Length: 2.1 – 2.3 m (Adult, Without Tail)
134. The greater kudu is a woodland antelope found throughout eastern and southern Africa. Despite occupying such widespread territory, they are sparsely populated in most areas due to declining habitat, deforestation, and poaching.
Scientific name: Tragelaphus strepsiceros
Family: Bovidae
Length: 1.8 – 2.4 m (Without Tail, Head and body)
Trophic level: Herbivorous
Conservation status: Least Concern (Population stable)
Mass: Male: 190 – 270 kg (Adult), Female: 120 – 210 kg (Adult)
135. Vanellinae (Lapwing) are any of various crested plovers, family Charadriidae, noted for its slow, irregular wingbeat in flight and a shrill, wailing cry. Its length is 10–16 inches. They are a subfamily of medium-sized wading birds which also includes the plovers and dotterels.
Class: Aves
Scientific name: Vanellinae
Phylum: Chordata
Higher classification: Charadriidae
Order: Shorebirds
Rank: Subfamily
136. Larks are passerine birds of the family Alaudidae. Larks have a cosmopolitan distribution with the largest number of species occurring in Africa. Only a single species, the horned lark, occurs in North America, and only Horsfield's bush lark occurs in Australia.
Scientific name: Alaudidae
Clutch size: 2 – 6
Higher classification: Songbirds
Phylum: Chordata
Length: Eurasian skylark: 18 – 19 cm, Horned lark: 18 – 20 cm
Mass: Eurasian skylark: 17 – 55 g, Horned lark: 31 g
137. Lemurs are mammals of the order Primates, divided into 8 families and consisting of 15 genera and around 100 existing species. They are native only to the island of Madagascar. Most existing lemurs are small, have a pointed snout, large eyes, and a long tail. They chiefly live in trees, and are active at night.
Scientific name: Lemuroidea
Class: Mammalia
Lifespan: Ring-tailed lemur: 16 – 19 years
Kingdom: Animalia
Mass: Ring-tailed lemur: 2.2 kg, Aye-aye: 2.3 kg, Indri: 8.6 kg
Length: Ring-tailed lemur: 39 – 46 cm, Aye-aye: 40 cm
138. The leopard is one of the five extant species in the genus Panthera, a member of the Felidae. It occurs in a wide range in sub-Saharan Africa, in small parts of Western and Central Asia, on the Indian subcontinent to Southeast and East Asia.
Scientific name: Panthera pardus
Speed: 58 km/h (Running)
Family: Felidae
Lifespan: 12 – 17 years
Mass: Male: 31 kg (South Africa's coastal mountains population), Female: 23 – 27 kg (Somalia population)
Height: Male: 60 – 70 cm (Adult, At Shoulder), Female: 57 – 64 cm (Adult, At Shoulder)
139. The lion is a species in the family Felidae and a member of the genus Panthera. It is most recognisable for its muscular, deep-chested body, short, rounded head, round ears, and a hairy tuft at the end of its tail. It is sexually dimorphic; adult male lions have a prominent mane.
Scientific name: Panthera leo
Lifespan: 10 – 14 years (Adult, In the wild)
Family: Felidae
Speed: 80 km/h (Maximum, In Short Bursts)
Diet: Carnivore
Mass: Male: 190 kg (Adult), Female: 130 kg (Adult)
140. Lizards are a widespread group of squamate reptiles, with over 6,000 species, ranging across all continents except Antarctica, as well as most oceanic island chains.
Scientific name: Lacertilia
Class: Reptilia
Order: Squamata
Kingdom: Animalia
Rank: Suborder
Phylum: Chordata
141. The llama is a domesticated South American camelid, widely used as a meat and pack animal by Andean cultures since the Pre-Columbian era. Llamas are very social animals and live with others as a herd. Their wool is very soft and lanolin-free. Llamas can learn simple tasks after a few repetitions.
Family: Camelidae
Class: Mammalia
Scientific name: Lama glama
Lifespan: 20 years (In the wild)
Order: Artiodactyla
Eats: Lichen, Grasses
142. Lobsters are a family of large marine crustaceans. Lobsters have long bodies with muscular tails, and live in crevices or burrows on the sea floor. Three of their five pairs of legs have claws, including the first pair, which are usually much larger than the others.
Class: Malacostraca
Scientific name: Nephropidae
Kingdom: Animalia
Family: Nephropidae; Dana, 1852
Speed: 18 km/h (Caridoid escape reaction)
Phylum: Arthropoda
143. Locusts are a collection of certain species of short-horned grasshoppers in the family Acrididae that have a swarming phase. These insects are usually solitary, but under certain circumstances they become more abundant and change their behaviour and habits, becoming gregarious.
144. Loris is the common name for the strepsirrhine primates of the subfamily Lorinae in the family Lorisidae. Loris is one genus in this subfamily and includes the slender lorises, while Nycticebus is the genus containing the slow lorises.
Class: Mammalia
Lifespan: Pygmy slow loris: 20 years
Scientific name: Lorisinae
Phylum: Chordata
Length: Pygmy slow loris: 20 – 23 cm, Sunda slow loris: 30 cm
Gestation period: Pygmy slow loris: 184 – 200 days, Sunda slow loris: 191 days, Red slender loris: 166 days
145. Louse is the common name for members of the order Phthiraptera, which contains nearly 5,000 species of wingless insect. Lice are obligate parasites, living externally on warm-blooded hosts which include every species of bird and mammal, except for monotremes, pangolins, and bats.
Scientific name: Phthiraptera
Order: Phthiraptera; Haeckel, 1896
Rank: Order
Class: Insecta
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Head louse: 0.25 – 0.3 cm, Columbicola extinctus: 0.22 – 0.25 cm
146. A lynx is any of the four species within the medium-sized wild cat genus Lynx. The name lynx originated in Middle English via Latin from the Greek word λύγξ, derived from the Indo-European root leuk- in reference to the luminescence of its reflective eyes.
Family: Felidae
Scientific name: Lynx
Lifespan: Bobcat: 7 years
Height: Eurasian lynx: 55 – 75 cm, Canada lynx: 48 – 56 cm, Iberian lynx: 60 – 70 cm
Mass: Bobcat: 8.6 kg, Eurasian lynx: 18 – 30 kg, Canada lynx: 8 – 11 kg, Iberian lynx: 13 kg
Length: Bobcat: 69 cm, Eurasian lynx: 80 – 130 cm, Canada lynx: 76 – 110 cm, Iberian lynx: 85 – 110 cm
147. A lyrebird is either of two species of ground-dwelling Australian birds that compose the genus Menura, and the family Menuridae.
Class: Aves
Scientific name: Menura
Family: Menuridae; Lesson, 1828
Mass: Superb lyrebird: 970 g
Higher classification: Menuridae
Phylum: Chordata
148. The macaques constitute a genus of gregarious Old World monkeys of the subfamily Cercopithecinae. The 23 species of macaques inhabit ranges throughout Asia, North Africa, and Gibraltar. Macaques are principally frugivorous, although their diet also includes seeds, leaves, flowers, and tree bark.
Family: Cercopithecidae
Order: Primates
Lifespan: Lion-tailed macaque: 20 years, Japanese macaque: 27 years
Mass: Lion-tailed macaque: 2 – 10 kg, Barbary macaque: 14 kg
Gestation period: Lion-tailed macaque: 183 days
Length: Lion-tailed macaque: 42 – 61 cm
149. Macaws are long-tailed, often colorful, New World parrots. They are popular in aviculture or as companion parrots, although there are conservation concerns about several species in the wild.
Lifespan: Hyacinth macaw: 50 years
Clutch size: Hyacinth macaw: 1 – 4
Phylum: Chordata
Family: Psittacidae
Mass: Scarlet macaw: 1 kg, Hyacinth macaw: 1.2 – 1.7 kg
Length: Scarlet macaw: 89 cm, Hyacinth macaw: 100 cm, Blue-and-yellow macaw: 81 – 91 cm, Red-fronted macaw: 60 cm
150. Magpies are birds of the Corvidae family. The black and white Eurasian magpie is widely considered one of the most intelligent animals in the world and one of only a few non-mammal species able to recognize itself in a mirror test.
Wingspan: Eurasian magpie: 52 – 62 cm
Phylum: Chordata
Family: Corvidae
Clutch size: Eurasian magpie: 5 – 8, Yellow-billed magpie: 5 – 7
Length: Eurasian magpie: 44 – 46 cm, Black-billed magpie: 45 – 60 cm
Mass: Eurasian magpie: 210 – 270 g, Black-billed magpie: 180 g, Yellow-billed magpie: 150 g, Common green magpie: 130 g
151. The mallard is a dabbling duck that breeds throughout the temperate and subtropical Americas, Eurosiberia, and North Africa and has been introduced to New Zealand, Australia, Peru, Brazil, Uruguay, Argentina, Chile, Colombia, the Falkland Islands, and South Africa.
Scientific name: Anas platyrhynchos
Lifespan: 5 – 10 years (In the wild)
Class: Aves
Order: Anseriformes
Family: Anatidae
Kingdom: Animalia
152. A mammoth is any species of the extinct elephantid genus Mammuthus, one of the many genera that make up the order of trunked mammals called proboscideans. The various species of mammoth were commonly equipped with long, curved tusks and, in northern species, a covering of long hair.
Extinction status: Extinct
Family: Elephantidae
Scientific name: Mammuthus
Class: Mammalia
Kingdom: Animalia
Higher classification: Elephants
153. Manatees are large, fully aquatic, mostly herbivorous marine mammals sometimes known as sea cows. There are three accepted living species of Trichechidae, representing three of the four living species in the order Sirenia: the Amazonian manatee, the West Indian manatee, and the West African manatee.
Family: Trichechidae; Gill 1872
Class: Mammalia
Scientific name: Trichechus
Mass: West Indian manatee: 450 kg, Amazonian manatee: 420 kg, African manatee: 450 kg
Length: West Indian manatee: 3.5 m, Amazonian manatee: 2.8 m, African manatee: 3.5 m
Gestation period: West Indian manatee: 11 months, Amazonian manatee: 12 months, African manatee: 12 months
154. The mandrill is a primate of the Old World monkey family. It is one of two species assigned to the genus Mandrillus, along with the drill. Both the mandrill and the drill were once classified as baboons in the genus Papio, but they now have their own genus, Mandrillus.
Lifespan: 20 years (In the wild)
Family: Cercopithecidae
Class: Mammalia
Height: Male: 55 – 65 cm (Adult, At Shoulder, while on all fours), Female: 45 – 50 cm (Adult, At Shoulder, while on all fours)
Length: Male: 75 – 95 cm (Adult, Without Tail, Head and body), Female: 55 – 66 cm (Adult, Without Tail, Head and body)
Mass: Male: 19 – 37 kg (Adult), Female: 10 – 15 kg (Adult)
155. The marmosets, also known as zaris, are twenty-two New World monkey species of the genera Callithrix, Cebuella, Callibella and Mico. All four genera are part of the biological family Callitrichidae. The term marmoset is also used in reference to the Goeldi's marmoset, Callimico goeldii, which is closely related.
Lifespan: Pygmy marmoset: 12 years
Height: Common marmoset: 19 cm
Family: Callitrichidae
Length: Common marmoset: 48 cm, Pygmy marmoset: 12 – 15 cm
Mass: Common marmoset: 260 g, Pygmy marmoset: 100 g
Gestation period: Common marmoset: 152 days, Pygmy marmoset: 134 days, Buffy-headed marmoset: 140 days
156. Marmots are relatively large ground squirrels in the genus Marmota, with 15 species living in Asia, Europe and North America. These herbivores are active during the summer when often found in groups, but are not seen during the winter when they hibernate underground.
Family: Sciuridae
Lifespan: Alpine marmot: 15 – 18 years
Kingdom: Animalia
Scientific name: Marmota
Mass: Groundhog: 3.9 kg, Alpine marmot: 2.8 – 3.3 kg
Length: Groundhog: 41 cm, Alpine marmot: 42 – 54 cm
157. The meerkat or suricate is a small mongoose found in southern Africa. It is characterised by a broad head, large eyes, a pointed snout, long legs, a thin tapering tail and a brindled coat pattern. The head-and-body length is around 24–35 cm, and the weight is typically between 0.62 and 0.97 kg.
Family: Herpestidae
Lifespan: 12 – 14 years (In captivity)
Class: Mammalia
Trophic level: Carnivorous
Kingdom: Animalia
Scientific name: Suricata suricatta
158. Mink are dark-colored, semiaquatic, carnivorous mammals of the genera Neovison and Mustela, and part of the family Mustelidae, which also includes weasels, otters and ferrets. There are two extant species referred to as "mink": the American mink and the European mink.
Speed: American mink: 6.5 km/h
Phylum: Chordata
Family: Mustelidae
Length: American mink: 34 – 45 cm, European mink: 37 – 43 cm, Siberian weasel: 31 cm
Mass: American mink: 0.5 – 1.6 kg, European mink: 550 – 800 g, Siberian weasel: 530 g
Gestation period: American mink: 40 – 75 days, Siberian weasel: 30 days
159. Moles are small mammals adapted to a subterranean lifestyle. They have cylindrical bodies, velvety fur, very small, inconspicuous ears and eyes, reduced hindlimbs, and short, powerful forelimbs with large paws adapted for digging.
Lifespan: Eastern mole: 6 years
Length: Star-nosed mole: 12 cm, European mole: 13 cm
Mass: Star-nosed mole: 49 g, European mole: 88 g
Gestation period: Star-nosed mole: 40 days
160. A mongoose is a small terrestrial carnivorous mammal belonging to the family Herpestidae. This family is currently split into two subfamilies, the Herpestinae and the Mungotinae.
Family: Herpestidae; Bonaparte, 1845
Order: Carnivores
Scientific name: Herpestidae
Class: Mammalia
Length: White-tailed mongoose: 53 – 71 cm, Marsh mongoose: 44 – 62 cm, Jackson's mongoose: 51 – 57 cm
Mass: White-tailed mongoose: 2.9 – 4.2 kg, Marsh mongoose: 2 – 5.5 kg, Jackson's mongoose: 2 – 3 kg
161. Monkey is a common name that may refer to groups or species of mammals, in part, the simians of infraorder Simiiformes. The term is applied descriptively to groups of primates, such as families of New World monkeys and Old World monkeys.
Phylum: Chordata
Kingdom: Animalia
Lifespan: Mandrill: 20 years, Lion-tailed macaque: 20 years
Length: Mandrill: 75 – 95 cm, Rhesus macaque: 53 cm
Height: Mandrill: 55 – 65 cm, Japanese macaque: 57 cm
Mass: Mandrill: 19 – 37 kg, Rhesus macaque: 7.7 kg
162. The moose or elk, Alces alces, is a member of the New World deer subfamily and is the largest and heaviest extant species in the deer family. Most adult male moose have distinctive broad, palmate antlers; most other members of the deer family have antlers with a dendritic configuration.
Height: 1.4 – 2.1 m (Adult, At Shoulder)
Length: 2.4 – 3.2 m (Adult, Head and body)
Lifespan: 15 – 25 years
Family: Cervidae
Scientific name: Alces alces
Mass: Male: 380 – 700 kg (Adult), Female: 200 – 360 kg (Adult)
163. Mosquitoes comprise a group of about 3,500 species of small insects that are flies. Within Diptera they constitute the family Culicidae. The word "mosquito" is Spanish for "little fly".
Lifespan: Culex pipiens: 7 days
Scientific name: Culicidae
Family: Culicidae; Meigen, 1818
Class: Insecta
Rank: Family
Clutch size: 100 – 200
164. A mouse, plural mice, is a small rodent characteristically having a pointed snout, small rounded ears, a body-length scaly tail, and a high breeding rate. The best known mouse species is the common house mouse. It is also a popular pet. In some places, certain kinds of field mice are locally common.
Adult weight: Males 20-30 g, Females 18-35g jhu.edu
Blood volume: 7-8%, 1.5-2.5 ml jhu.edu
Lifespan: African pygmy mouse: 2 years, Pachyuromys duprasi: 5 – 7 years
Gestation period: House mouse: 20 days, Deer Mouse: 27 days
Mass: House mouse: 19 g, Deer Mouse: 20 g, Wood mouse: 23 g
Length: Deer Mouse: 9.6 cm, Wood mouse: 8.8 cm
165. The myna is a bird of the starling family. This is a group of passerine birds which are native to southern Asia, especially India, Pakistan and Bangladesh.
Length: Common myna: 23 cm
Clutch size: Common myna: 4 – 6
Family: Sturnidae
Class: Aves
Order: Passeriformes
Mass: Common myna: 120 – 140 g, Crested myna: 110 g
166. The narwhal or narwhale is a medium-sized toothed whale that possesses a large "tusk" from a protruding canine tooth. It lives year-round in the Arctic waters around Greenland, Canada, and Russia. It is one of two living species of whale in the family Monodontidae, along with the beluga whale.
Conservation status: Near Threatened
Scientific name: Monodon monoceros
Order: Artiodactyla
Class: Mammalia
Family: Monodontidae
Length: 5.1 m (Adult)
167. A newt is a salamander in the subfamily Pleurodelinae. The terrestrial juvenile phase is called an eft. Unlike other members of the family Salamandridae, newts are semiaquatic, alternating between aquatic and terrestrial habitats. Not all aquatic salamanders are considered newts, however.
Scientific name: Pleurodelinae
Class: Amphibia
Rank: Subfamily
Phylum: Chordata
Kingdom: Animalia
Clutch size: Palmate newt: 100 – 300
168. The common nightingale, rufous nightingale or simply nightingale, is a small passerine bird best known for its powerful and beautiful song. It was formerly classed as a member of the thrush family Turdidae, but is now more generally considered to be an Old World flycatcher, Muscicapidae.
Family: Muscicapidae
Length: 15 – 16 cm (Adult)
Scientific name: Luscinia megarhynchos
Kingdom: Animalia
Mass: 20 g (Adult)
Class: Aves
169. The nine-banded armadillo, or the nine-banded, long-nosed armadillo, is a medium-sized mammal found in North, Central, and South America, making it the most widespread of the armadillos.
Class: Mammalia
Family: Dasypodidae
Scientific name: Dasypus novemcinctus
Lifespan: 12 – 15 years
Length: 38 – 58 cm (Adult, Without Tail)
Kingdom: Animalia
170. The octopus is a soft-bodied, eight-limbed mollusc of the order Octopoda. Around 300 species are recognised, and the order is grouped within the class Cephalopoda with squids, cuttlefish, and nautiloids.
Scientific name: Octopoda
Class: Cephalopoda
Lifespan: Giant Pacific octopus: 3 – 5 years
Order: Octopoda; Leach, 1818
Phylum: Mollusca
Kingdom: Animalia
171. The okapi, also known as the forest giraffe, Congolese giraffe, or zebra giraffe, is an artiodactyl mammal native to the northeast of the Democratic Republic of the Congo in Central Africa. Although the okapi has striped markings reminiscent of zebras, it is most closely related to the giraffe.
Scientific name: Okapia johnstoni
Family: Giraffidae
Class: Mammalia
Conservation status: Endangered (Population decreasing)
Height: 1.5 – 1.7 m (At Shoulder)
Mass: 200 – 350 kg
172. The opossum is a marsupial of the order Didelphimorphia endemic to the Americas. The largest order of marsupials in the Western Hemisphere, it comprises 103 or more species in 19 genera.
Family: Didelphidae; Gray, 1821
Order: Didelphimorphia; Gill, 1872
Scientific name: Didelphidae
Lifespan: Virginia opossum: 4 years, Common opossum: 2 years
Length: Virginia opossum: 35 – 94 cm
Gestation period: Virginia opossum: 13 days
Mass: Virginia opossum: 0.8 – 6.4 kg
173. The orangutans are great apes native to Indonesia and Malaysia. They are found in the rainforests of Borneo and Sumatra, but during the Pleistocene they ranged throughout Southeast Asia and South China. Classified in the genus Pongo, orangutans were originally considered to be one species.
Scientific name: Pongo
Lifespan: Bornean orangutan: 35 – 45 years
Family: Hominidae
Order: Primates
Class: Mammalia
Mass: Sumatran orangutan: 45 kg, Bornean orangutan: 50 – 100 kg
Height: Sumatran orangutan: 1.4 m, Bornean orangutan: 1.2 – 1.4 m
174. The gemsbok, gemsbuck or South African oryx is a large antelope in the genus Oryx. It is native to the arid regions of Southern Africa, such as the Kalahari Desert. Some authorities formerly included the East African oryx as a subspecies.
Scientific name: Oryx gazella
Speed: 60 km/h (Maximum, Running)
Height: 1.2 m (At Shoulder)
Length: 1.9 – 2.4 m
Family: Bovidae
Mass: Male: 220 – 300 kg, Female: 100 – 210 kg
175. The common ostrich or simply ostrich, is a species of large flightless bird native to certain large areas of Africa. It is one of two extant species of ostriches, the only living members of the genus Struthio in the ratite order of birds.
Speed: 70 km/h (Maximum, Adult, Running)
Scientific name: Struthio camelus
Conservation status: Least Concern (Population decreasing)
Family: Struthionidae
Height: Male: 2.1 – 2.8 m (Adult), Female: 1.7 – 2 m (Adult)
Mass: Male: 120 kg (East African race), Female: 100 kg (East African race)
176. Otters are carnivorous mammals in the subfamily Lutrinae. The 13 extant otter species are all semiaquatic, aquatic or marine, with diets based on fish and invertebrates. Lutrinae is a branch of the Mustelidae family, which also includes weasels, badgers, honey badgers, martens, minks, polecats, and wolverines.
Family: Mustelidae
Scientific name: Lutrinae
Class: Mammalia
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Eurasian otter: 57 – 95 cm, Marine otter: 83 – 110 cm, Hairy-nosed otter: 51 – 81 cm
Mass: Eurasian otter: 7 – 12 kg, Marine otter: 3 – 5.8 kg, Hairy-nosed otter: 5 – 5.9 kg
177. Owls are birds from the order Strigiformes, which includes over 200 species of mostly solitary and nocturnal birds of prey typified by an upright stance, a large, broad head, binocular vision, binaural hearing, sharp talons, and feathers adapted for silent flight.
Scientific name: Strigiformes
Order: Strigiformes; Wagler, 1830
Class: Aves
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Barn owl: 32 – 40 cm, Snowy owl: 63 – 73 cm
Mass: Barn owl: 430 – 620 g, Snowy owl: 2 kg
178. Oyster is the common name for a number of different families of salt-water bivalve molluscs that live in marine or brackish habitats. In some species, the valves are highly calcified, and many are somewhat irregular in shape. Many, but not all oysters are in the superfamily Ostreoidea.
Length: Pacific oyster: 8 – 40 cm
Clutch size: Pacific oyster: 50,000,000 – 200,000,000
179. The giant panda, also known as the panda bear or simply the panda, is a bear native to south central China. It is characterised by large, black patches around its eyes, over the ears, and across its round body. The name "giant panda" is sometimes used to distinguish it from the red panda, a neighboring musteloid.
Scientific name: Ailuropoda melanoleuca
Family: Ursidae
Order: Carnivora
Trophic level: Herbivorous
Lifespan: 20 years (In the wild)
Class: Mammalia
Lower classifications: Qinling panda, Ailuropoda melanoleuca melanoleuca
180. A black panther is the melanistic colour variant of any Panthera, particularly of the leopard in Asia and Africa, and the jaguar in the Americas. Black panthers of both species have excess black pigments, but their typical spotted markings are also present.
Speed: Leopard: 58 km/h, Tiger: 49 – 65 km/h
Mass: Leopard: 31 kg, Jaguar: 56 – 96 kg, Tiger: 90 – 310 kg
Lifespan: Leopard: 12 – 17 years, Jaguar: 12 – 15 years, Tiger: 10 – 15 years
Height: Leopard: 60 – 70 cm, Jaguar: 63 – 76 cm, Tiger: 70 – 120 cm
Length: Leopard: 90 – 160 cm, Jaguar: 1.2 – 2 m, Tiger: 2.5 – 3.9 m
Gestation period: Leopard: 90 – 105 days, Jaguar: 93 – 105 days, Tiger: 93 – 112 days
181. Parrots, also known as psittacines, are birds of the roughly 393 species in 92 genera comprising the order Psittaciformes, found mostly in tropical and subtropical regions. The order is subdivided into three superfamilies: the Psittacoidea, the Cacatuoidea, and the Strigopoidea.
Scientific name: Psittaciformes
Class: Aves
Order: Psittaciformes; Wagler, 1830
Kingdom: Animalia
Rank: Order
Lifespan: Kakapo: 95 years, Hyacinth macaw: 50 years
182. Partridges are medium-sized non-migratory birds, with a wide native distribution throughout the Old World, including Europe, Asia, and parts of Africa. They are sometimes grouped in the Perdicinae subfamily of the Phasianidae.
Family: Phasianidae; Horsfield, 1821
Class: Aves
Order: Galliformes
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Mass: Red-legged partridge: 530 g, Grey partridge: 490 g
183. Peafowl is a common name for three bird species in the genera Pavo and Afropavo of the family Phasianidae, the pheasants and their allies. Male peafowl are referred to as peacocks, and female peafowl as peahens, though peafowl of either sex are often referred to colloquially as "peacocks".
Lifespan: Indian peafowl: 10 – 25 years
Phylum: Chordata
Family: Phasianidae
Mass: Indian peafowl: 4 – 6 kg, Green peafowl: 3.8 – 5 kg
Clutch size: Indian peafowl: 4 – 8, Green peafowl: 3 – 6
Length: Indian peafowl: 100 – 120 cm, Green peafowl: 1.8 – 3 m, Congo peafowl: 64 – 70 cm
184. Penguins are a group of aquatic birds. They live almost exclusively in the Southern Hemisphere, with only one species, the Galápagos penguin, found north of the equator. Highly adapted for life in the water, penguins have countershaded dark and white plumage and flippers for swimming.
Eaten by: Sea lions
Scientific name: Spheniscidae
Height: Emperor penguin: 1.1 – 1.3 m, Little penguin: 30 – 35 cm, Galapagos penguin: 49 – 53 cm
Lifespan: Emperor penguin: 20 years, Little penguin: 6 years
Mass: Emperor penguin: 23 kg, Little penguin: 1.5 kg, Galapagos penguin: 2.5 kg
Length: Emperor penguin: 1.2 m, Little penguin: 43 cm, Galapagos penguin: 53 cm
185. Pheasants are birds of several genera within the subfamily Phasianinae, of the family Phasianidae in the order Galliformes. Though they can be found world over in introduced populations, the pheasant genera native range is restricted to Asia.
Family: Phasianidae; Horsfield, 1821
Order: Galliformes
Class: Aves
Clutch size: Golden pheasant: 8 – 12, Ring-necked Pheasant: 10
Mass: Golden pheasant: 550 g, Ring-necked Pheasant: 1.2 kg
Length: Golden pheasant: 90 – 100 cm
186. A pig is any of the animals in the genus Sus, within the even-toed ungulate family Suidae. Pigs include domestic pigs and their ancestor, the common Eurasian wild boar, along with other species. Pigs, like all suids, are native to the Eurasian and African continents, ranging from Europe to the Pacific islands.
Scientific name: Sus
Family: Suidae
Lifespan: Javan warty pig: 8 years
Class: Mammalia
Kingdom: Animalia
Gestation period: Wild boar: 115 days, Javan warty pig: 122 days
Mass: Wild boar: 75 – 100 kg, Javan warty pig: 80 – 150 kg
187. Dove, see Columbidae.
188. A pika is a small mountain-dwelling mammal found in Asia and North America. With short limbs, very round body, an even coat of fur, and no external tail, they resemble their close relative, the rabbit, but with short, rounded ears.x
Family: Ochotonidae; Thomas, 1897
Class: Mammalia
Scientific name: Ochotona
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Ili pika: 20 cm, American pika: 19 cm
Mass: Ili pika: 240 g, American pika: 110 g
189. The polar bear is a hypercarnivorous bear whose native range lies largely within the Arctic Circle, encompassing the Arctic Ocean, its surrounding seas and surrounding land masses. It is a large bear, approximately the same size as the omnivorous Kodiak bear.
Conservation status: Vulnerable (Population decreasing)
Scientific name: Ursus maritimus
Class: Mammalia
Family: Ursidae
Mass: Male: 450 kg (Adult, Beaufort Sea population), Female: 150 – 250 kg (Adult)
Height: Female: 1.8 – 2.4 m (Adult, On hind legs), Male: 1.3 m (Adult, At Shoulder)
190. A pony is a small horse. Depending on the context, a pony may be a horse that is under an approximate or exact height at the withers or a small horse with a specific conformation and temperament. A pony is typically under the height of 14.2 hands high. There are many different breeds.
191. Porcupines are large rodents with coats of sharp spines, or quills, that protect them against predators. The term covers two families of animals: the Old World porcupines of family Hystricidae, and the New World porcupines of family Erethizontidae.
Phylum: Chordata
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Mammalia
Length: Brazilian porcupine: 47 cm, Malayan porcupine: 53 cm
Mass: Brazilian porcupine: 3.9 kg, Crested porcupine: 13 kg
Gestation period: Brazilian porcupine: 201 days
192. Porpoises are a group of fully aquatic marine mammals, similar in appearance to a dolphin, all of which are classified under the family Phocoenidae, parvorder Odontoceti. They are, however, closer related to narwhals and belugas than the true dolphins.
Family: Phocoenidae; Gray, 1825
Class: Mammalia
Lifespan: 8 – 10 years
Scientific name: Phocoenidae
Mass: Harbour porpoise: 53 kg, Vaquita: 43 kg
Length: Harbour porpoise: 1.5 m, Vaquita: 1.2 – 1.5 m, Dall's porpoise: 2 m
193. Prairie dogs are herbivorous burrowing rodents native to the grasslands of North America. The five species are: black-tailed, white-tailed, Gunnison's, Utah, and Mexican prairie dogs. They are a type of ground squirrel, found in North America.
Family: Sciuridae
Scientific name: Cynomys
Class: Mammalia
Kingdom: Animalia
Order: Rodentia
Length: Black-tailed prairie dog: 29 cm, Mexican prairie dog: 34 cm, Utah prairie dog: 29 cm, Gunnison's prairie dog: 28 cm
Mass: Black-tailed prairie dog: 1.1 kg, Mexican prairie dog: 900 g, Utah prairie dog: 900 g, Gunnison's prairie dog: 800 g
194. The pug is a breed of dog with physically distinctive features of a wrinkly, short-muzzled face, and curled tail. The breed has a fine, glossy coat that comes in a variety of colours, most often fawn or black, and a compact square body with well-developed muscles.
Hypoallergenic: No
Life expectancy: 12 – 15 years
Origin: China
Colors: Black, Fawn, Silver Fawn, Apricot
Temperament: Docile, Clever, Charming, Stubborn, Sociable, Playful, Quiet, Attentive
Height: Male: 30 cm (At the withers), Female: 25 cm (At the withers)
195. The common quail, or European quail, is a small ground-nesting game bird in the pheasant family Phasianidae. Coturnix is the Latin for this species. With its characteristic call of "wet my lips", this species of quail is more often heard than seen.
Scientific name: Coturnix coturnix
Family: Phasianidae
Order: Galliformes
Length: 18 cm
Mass: 96 g (Adult)
Kingdom: Animalia
196. Quelea is a genus of small passerine birds that belongs to the weaver family Ploceidae, confined to Africa. These are small-sized, sparrow- or finch-like gregarious birds, with bills adapted to eating seeds.
Mass: Red-billed quelea: 18 g
Scientific name: Quelea
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Passerine
Rank: Genus
Higher classification: Weavers
197. Quetzals are strikingly colored birds in the trogon family. They are found in forests, especially in humid highlands, with the five species from the genus Pharomachrus being exclusively Neotropical, while a single species, the eared quetzal, Euptilotis neoxenus, is found in Mexico and very locally in the southernmost United States.
Length: Crested quetzal: 35 cm
Family: Trogonidae
Kingdom: Animalia
Order: Trogoniformes
Class: Aves
Mass: Resplendent quetzal: 200 g, Golden-headed quetzal: 150 – 180 g
198. Rabbits are small mammals in the family Leporidae of the order Lagomorpha. Oryctolagus cuniculus includes the European rabbit species and its descendants, the world's 305 breeds of domestic rabbit. Sylvilagus includes 13 wild rabbit species, among them the seven types of cottontail.
Lifespan: 1 – 2 years (In the wild)
Daily sleep: 8.4 hours (Adult, In captivity)
Phylum: Chordata
Gestation period: Eastern cottontail: 27 days
Mass: Eastern cottontail: 1.2 kg, Mexican cottontail: 2.5 kg
Length: Eastern cottontail: 37 cm, Mexican cottontail: 44 cm
199. The raccoon is a medium-sized mammal native to North America. The raccoon is the largest of the procyonid family, having a body length of 40 to 70 cm and a body weight of 5 to 26 kg. Its grayish coat mostly consists of dense underfur which insulates it against cold weather.
Family: Procyonidae
Lifespan: 2 – 3 years (In the wild)
Scientific name: Procyon lotor
Trophic level: Omnivorous
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
200. Ram, male sheep. See sheep.
201. Rattus (rat) is a genus of muroid Claire Michelle rodents, all typically called rats. However, the term rat can also be applied to rodent species outside of this genus.
Scientific name: Rattus
Rank: Genus
Lifespan: Brown rat: 2 years, Black rat: 12 months
Length: Black rat: 32 – 46 cm, Polynesian rat: 12 cm
Mass: Brown rat: 230 g, Black rat: 75 – 230 g, Polynesian rat: 40 – 80 g
Gestation period: Brown rat: 21 – 24 days, Black rat: 23 days, Polynesian rat: 21 – 24 days
202. The common raven, also known as the western raven or northern raven when discussing the raven at the subspecies level, is a large all-black passerine bird. Found across the Northern Hemisphere, it is the most widely distributed of all corvids.
Lifespan: 10 – 15 years (In the wild)
Scientific name: Corvus corax
Family: Corvidae
Length: 56 – 78 cm (Adult)
Mass: 0.69 – 2 kg (Adult)
Wingspan: 100 – 150 cm (Adult)
203. The red deer is one of the largest deer species. The red deer inhabits most of Europe, the Caucasus Mountains region, Asia Minor, Iran, parts of western Asia, and central Asia.
Family: Cervidae
Mass: 200 kg (Adult)
Class: Mammalia
Length: 2.1 m (Adult)
Scientific name: Cervus elaphus
Gestation period: 236 days
Trophic level: Herbivorous
204. The red panda is a mammal species native to the eastern Himalayas and southwestern China. It is listed as Endangered on the IUCN Red List because the wild population is estimated at fewer than 10,000 mature individuals and continues to decline due to habitat loss and fragmentation, poaching, and inbreeding depression.
Family: Ailuridae
Conservation status: Endangered (Population decreasing)
Scientific name: Ailurus fulgens
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Phylum: Chordata
205. The rheas are large ratites in the order Rheiformes, native to South America, distantly related to the ostrich and emu. Most taxonomic authorities recognize two extant species: the greater or American rhea and the lesser or Darwin's rhea. The IUCN lists the puna rhea as a separate species.
Scientific name: Rhea
Order: Rheiformes
Class: Aves
Phylum: Chordata
Higher classification: Rheidae
Mass: Greater rhea: 23 kg, Darwin's rhea: 20 kg
206. A rhinoceros, commonly abbreviated to rhino, is one of any five extant species of odd-toed ungulates in the family Rhinocerotidae, as well as any of the numerous extinct species therein. Two of the extant species are native to Africa, and three to Southern Asia.
Scientific name: Rhinocerotidae
Order: Perissodactyla
Mass: White rhinoceros: 2,300 kg, Black rhinoceros: 800 – 1,400 kg, Indian rhinoceros: 2,200 kg
Lifespan: White rhinoceros: 40 – 50 years, Black rhinoceros: 35 – 50 years, Indian rhinoceros: 35 – 45 years
Speed: White rhinoceros: 50 km/h, Black rhinoceros: 55 km/h, Indian rhinoceros: 55 km/h
Gestation period: White rhinoceros: 16 – 18 months, Black rhinoceros: 15 – 16 months, Indian rhinoceros: 15 – 16 months
207. The rook is a member of the crow family in the passerine order of birds. It is found in the Palearctic, its range extending from Scandinavia and western Europe to eastern Siberia. It is a large, gregarious, black-feathered bird, distinguished from similar species by the whitish featherless area on the face.
Family: Corvidae
Order: Passeriformes
Length: 45 – 47 cm (Adult)
Scientific name: Corvus frugilegus
Clutch size: 3 – 5
Mass: 340 – 530 g
208. Salamanders are a group of amphibians typically characterized by a lizard-like appearance, with slender bodies, blunt snouts, short limbs projecting at right angles to the body, and the presence of a tail in both larvae and adults. All present-day salamander families are grouped together under the order Urodela.
Order: Urodela; Duméril, 1806
Class: Amphibia
Scientific name: Urodela
Phylum: Chordata
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Chinese giant salamander: 1.2 m, Cope's giant salamander: 12 – 19 cm
209. Salmon is the common name for several species of ray-finned fish in the family Salmonidae. Other fish in the same family include trout, char, grayling and whitefish. Salmon are native to tributaries of the North Atlantic and Pacific Ocean. Many species of salmon have been introduced into non-native environments such as the Great Lakes of North America and Patagonia in South America. Salmon are intensively farmed in many parts of the world.
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
Class: Actinopterygii
Order: Salmoniformes
210. The term sand dollar refers to species of flat, burrowing sea urchins belonging to the order Clypeasteroida. Some species within the order, not quite as flat, are known as sea biscuits. Sand dollars can also be called "sand cakes" or "cake urchins".
Class: Echinoidea
Scientific name: Clypeasteroida
Phylum: Echinodermata
Kingdom: Animalia
Rank: Order
Subclass: Euechinoidea
Lower classifications: Clypeaster japonicus, Arachnoididae
211. Sandpipers are a large family, Scolopacidae, of waders or shorebirds. They include many species called sandpipers, as well as those called by names such as curlew and snipe. The majority of these species eat small invertebrates picked out of the mud or soil.
Family: Scolopacidae; Rafinesque, 1815
Scientific name: Scolopacidae
Length: Common sandpiper: 18 – 24 cm
Mass: Common sandpiper: 40 g, Common snipe: 80 – 140 g
Clutch size: Common snipe: 4, Jack snipe: 3 – 4
Wingspan: Common snipe: 44 – 47 cm, Jack snipe: 30 – 41 cm
212. "Sardine" and "pilchard" are common names used to refer to various small, oily forage fish in the herring family Clupeidae. The term "sardine" was first used in English during the early 15th century and may come from the Mediterranean island of Sardinia, around which sardines were once abundant.
Mass: American shad: 3 kg, Round sardinella: 130 g
213. Sea lions are pinnipeds characterized by external ear flaps, long foreflippers, the ability to walk on all fours, short, thick hair, and a big chest and belly. Together with the fur seals, they comprise the family Otariidae, eared seals, which contains six extant and one extinct species in five genera.
Family: Otariidae
Scientific name: Otariinae
Class: Mammalia
Lifespan: 20 – 30 years
Kingdom: Animalia
Eats: Penguins, Krill
214. Seahorse is the name given to 46 species of small marine fish in the genus Hippocampus. "Hippocampus" comes from the Ancient Greek hippokampos, itself from hippos meaning "horse" and kampos meaning "sea monster".
Scientific name: Hippocampus
Class: Actinopterygii
Family: Syngnathidae
Rank: Genus
Kingdom: Animalia
Phylum: Chordata
215. Pinnipeds, commonly known as seals, are a widely distributed and diverse clade of carnivorous, fin-footed, semiaquatic marine mammals. They comprise the extant families Odobenidae (whose only living member is the walrus), Otariidae (the eared seals: sea lions and fur seals), and Phocidae (the earless seals, or true seals).
Order: Carnivora
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Mammalia
Phylum: Chordata
216. Sharks are a group of elasmobranch fish characterized by a cartilaginous skeleton, five to seven gill slits on the sides of the head, and pectoral fins that are not fused to the head. Modern sharks are classified within the clade Selachimorpha and are the sister group to the rays.
Lifespan: 20 – 30 years (In the wild)
Class: Chondrichthyes
Scientific name: Selachimorpha
Kingdom: Animalia
Speed: 50 km/h (Maximum, Adult, In The Water, In Short Bursts)
Phylum: Chordata
217. Sheep are quadrupedal, ruminant mammals typically kept as livestock. Like most ruminants, sheep are members of the order Artiodactyla, the even-toed ungulates. Although the name sheep applies to many species in the genus Ovis, in everyday usage it almost always refers to Ovis aries.
Scientific name: Ovis aries
Gestation period: 152 days
Lifespan: 10 – 12 years
Family: Bovidae
Class: Mammalia
Mass: Male: 45 – 160 kg (Adult), Female: 45 – 100 kg (Adult)
218. Shrews are small mole-like mammals classified in the order Eulipotyphla. True shrews are not to be confused with treeshrews, otter shrews, elephant shrews, or the West Indies shrews, which belong to different families or orders.
Family: Soricidae; G. Fischer, 1814
Scientific name: Soricidae
Class: Mammalia
Length: Etruscan shrew: 3 – 5.2 cm, Northern short-tailed shrew: 11 – 14 cm, Eurasian water shrew: 8.2 cm
Lifespan: Etruscan shrew: 2 years, Eurasian water shrew: 3 years
Mass: Etruscan shrew: 1.3 – 2.5 g, Northern short-tailed shrew: 15 – 30 g, Eurasian water shrew: 15 – 19 g
219. The siamang is an arboreal black-furred gibbon native to the forests of Indonesia, Malaysia and Thailand. The largest of the gibbons, the siamang can be twice the size of other gibbons, reaching 1 m in height, and weighing up to 14 kg. The siamang is the only species in the genus Symphalangus.
Scientific name: Symphalangus syndactylus
Family: Hylobatidae
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Mammalia
Conservation status: Endangered (Population decreasing)
Mass: Male: 12 kg, Female: 11 kg
220. Skunks are North and South American mammals in the family Mephitidae. While related to polecats and other members of the weasel family, skunks have as their closest Old World relatives the stink badgers. The animals are known for their ability to spray a liquid with a strong, unpleasant smell.
Family: Mephitidae
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Carnivora
Class: Mammalia
Kingdom: Animalia
Superfamily: Musteloidea
221. Sloths are a group of arboreal Neotropical xenathran mammals, constituting the suborder Folivora. Noted for slowness of movement, they spend most of their lives hanging upside down in the trees of the tropical rain forests of South America and Central America.
Scientific name: Folivora
Daily sleep: Brown-throated sloth: 15 – 18 hours
Class: Mammalia
Order: Pilosa
Phylum: Chordata
Mass: Brown-throated sloth: 2.2 – 6.3 kg, Maned sloth: 4.5 – 10 kg, Pale-throated sloth: 3.8 – 6.5 kg
222. The gastropods, commonly known as snails and slugs, belong to a large taxonomic class of invertebrates within the phylum Mollusca called Gastropoda. This class comprises snails and slugs from saltwater, from freshwater, and from the land.
Scientific name: Gastropoda
Phylum: Mollusca
Higher classification: Mollusca
Rank: Class
223. Snakes are elongated, legless, carnivorous reptiles of the suborder Serpentes. Like all other squamates, snakes are ectothermic, amniote vertebrates covered in overlapping scales.
Scientific name: Serpentes
Lifespan: Acrochordus arafurae: 9 years
Class: Reptilia
Kingdom: Animalia
Diet: Carnivore
Length: Barbados threadsnake: 10 cm, Acrochordus arafurae: 2.5 m
224. Spiders are air-breathing arthropods that have eight legs, chelicerae with fangs generally able to inject venom, and spinnerets that extrude silk. They are the largest order of arachnids and rank seventh in total species diversity among all orders of organisms.
Scientific name: Araneae
Class: Arachnida
Order: Araneae; Clerck, 1757
Kingdom: Animalia
Lifespan: Goliath birdeater: 15 – 25 years, Brown recluse spider: 1 – 2 years, Southern black widow: 1 – 3 years
Diet: Carnivore
225. Squid are cephalopods in the superorder Decapodiformes with elongated bodies, large eyes, eight arms and two tentacles. Like all other cephalopods, squid have a distinct head, bilateral symmetry, and a mantle.
Phylum: Mollusca
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Cephalopoda
226. Squirrels are members of the family Sciuridae, a family that includes small or medium-size rodents. The squirrel family includes tree squirrels, ground squirrels, chipmunks, marmots, flying squirrels, and prairie dogs amongst other rodents.
Eaten by: Red fox
Family: Sciuridae; Fischer de Waldheim, 1817
Scientific name: Sciuridae
Class: Mammalia
Lifespan: Alpine marmot: 15 – 18 years, Siberian chipmunk: 6 – 10 years
Mass: Eastern gray squirrel: 400 – 600 g
227. Starlings are a small to medium-sized passerine birds from the family Sturnidae. The name "Sturnidae" derives from the Latin term for starling, sturnus. Many Asian species, particularly the larger ones, are dubbed mynas, and many African species are known as glossy starlings because of their iridescent plumage.
Family: Sturnidae; Rafinesque, 1815
Clutch size: Common myna: 4 – 6
Class: Aves
Kingdom: Animalia
Scientific name: Sturnidae
Mass: Common starling: 58 – 100 g, Common myna: 120 – 140 g
228. Stegosaurus, from Greek stegos which means roof and sauros which means lizard, is a genus of herbivorous thyreophoran dinosaur.
Scientific name: Stegosaurus (Roof lizard or covered lizard)
Lived: 163.5 million years ago - 100.5 million years ago (Late Jurassic - Albian)
Family: †Stegosauridae
Fossils: Sophie the Stegosaurus, USNM 4934, USNM 4714, YPM 1853, USNM 7414, YPM 1858
Eats: Cycad, Moss
Eaten by: Allosaurus, Ceratosaurus, Torvosaurus
229. Swans are birds of the family Anatidae within the genus Cygnus. The swans' closest relatives include the geese and ducks. Swans are grouped with the closely related geese in the subfamily Anserinae where they form the tribe Cygnini. Sometimes, they are considered a distinct subfamily, Cygninae.
Scientific name: Cygnus
Family: Anatidae
Order: Anseriformes
Mass: Mute swan: 11 – 12 kg, Black swan: 3.7 – 9 kg, Whooper swan: 9.8 – 11 kg
Clutch size: Black swan: 4 – 8, Whooper swan: 4 – 7
Wingspan: Mute swan: 2 – 2.4 m, Black swan: 1.6 – 2 m, Whooper swan: 2 – 2.8 m
230. The tamarins are squirrel-sized New World monkeys from the family Callitrichidae in the genus Saguinus. They are the first offshoot in the Callitrichidae tree, and therefore are sister group of a clade formed by the saddle-back tamarins, lion tamarins, Goeldi's monkeys and marmosets.
Lifespan: Black-mantled tamarin: 15 years
Scientific name: Saguinus
Higher classification: Callitrichidae
Mass: Emperor tamarin: 460 g, Cotton-top tamarin: 39 g
Length: Cotton-top tamarin: 54 cm, Red-handed tamarin: 68 cm
Gestation period: Cotton-top tamarin: 166 days
231. A tapir is a large, herbivorous mammal, similar in shape to a pig, with a short, prehensile nose trunk. Tapirs inhabit jungle and forest regions of South America, Central America, and Southeast Asia. There are four widely recognized extant species of tapir, all of the family Tapiridae and the genus Tapirus.
Family: Tapiridae; Gray, 1821
Class: Mammalia
Lifespan: 25 – 30 years (In the wild, In Zoo)
Scientific name: Tapirus
Height: 100 cm (At Shoulder)
Length: Malayan tapir: 1.8 – 2.5 m, South American tapir: 2 m
Mass: Malayan tapir: 250 kg, South American tapir: 170 kg, Mountain tapir: 150 kg
232. Tarsiers are any haplorrhine primates of the family Tarsiidae, which is itself the lone extant family within the infraorder Tarsiiformes.
Scientific name: Tarsiidae
Lifespan: Philippine tarsier: 2 – 12 years
Family: Tarsiidae; Gray, 1825
Height: Philippine tarsier: 8.5 – 16 cm
Class: Mammalia
Order: Primates
233. Termites are eusocial insects that are classified at the taxonomic rank of infraorder Isoptera, or as epifamily Termitoidae within the order Blattodea.
Scientific name: Isoptera
Class: Insecta
Order: Blattodea
Kingdom: Animalia
Infraorder: Isoptera; Brullé, 1832
Higher classification: Blattodea
234. The tiger is the largest extant cat species and a member of the genus Panthera. It is most recognisable for its dark vertical stripes on orange-brown fur with a lighter underside. It is an apex predator, primarily preying on ungulates such as deer and wild boar.
Scientific name: Panthera tigris
Lifespan: 10 – 15 years (In the wild)
Conservation status: Endangered (Population decreasing)
Class: Mammalia
Diet: Carnivore
Mass: Male: 90 – 310 kg (Adult), Female: 65 – 170 kg (Adult)
235. Toad is a common name for certain frogs, especially of the family Bufonidae, that are characterized by dry, leathery skin, short legs, and large bumps covering the parotoid glands.
Phylum: Chordata
Kingdom: Animalia
Lifespan: Cane toad: 10 – 15 years, Common toad: 10 – 12 years
Length: Cane toad: 10 – 15 cm, Common toad: 15 cm
Clutch size: Cane toad: 8,000 – 25,000
Mass: American toad: 22 g, Southern toad: 19 g, European fire-bellied toad: 2 – 14 g
236. Toucans are members of the Neotropical near passerine bird family Ramphastidae. The Ramphastidae are most closely related to the American barbets. They are brightly marked and have large, often-colorful bills. The family includes five genera and over forty different species.
Scientific name: Ramphastidae
Class: Aves
Family: Ramphastidae; Vigors, 1825
Kingdom: Animalia
Mass: Toco toucan: 620 g, Keel-billed toucan: 400 g
Length: Toco toucan: 61 cm, Collared aracari: 41 cm
237. The turacos make up the bird family Musophagidae, which includes plantain-eaters and go-away-birds. In southern Africa both turacos and go-away-birds are commonly known as loeries. They are semi-zygodactylous – the fourth toe can be switched back and forth.
Scientific name: Musophagidae
Phylum: Chordata
Clade: Otidimorphae
Higher classification: Musophagiformes
Rank: Family
Family: Musophagidae; Lesson, 1828
238. The turkey is a large bird in the genus Meleagris, which is native to the Americas. The genus has two extant species: the wild turkey of eastern and central North America and the ocellated turkey of the Yucatán Peninsula.
Scientific name: Meleagris
Lifespan: Domestic turkey: 10 years
Family: Phasianidae
Class: Aves
Order: Galliformes
Phylum: Chordata
239. Turtles are reptiles of the order Testudines characterized by a special bony or cartilaginous shell developed from their ribs and acting as a shield. "Turtle" may refer to the order as a whole or to fresh-water and sea-dwelling testudines. The order Testudines includes both extant and extinct species.
Order: Testudines; Batsch, 1788
Scientific name: Testudines
Class: Reptilia
Speed: Leatherback sea turtle: 1.8 – 10 km/h
Kingdom: Animalia
Clutch size: Leatherback sea turtle: 110, Asian giant softshell turtle: 24 – 70
240. Umbrellabirds are birds in the genus Cephalopterus. They are found in rainforests of Central and South America. With a total length of 35–50 cm, they are among the largest members of the cotinga family, and the male Amazonian umbrellabird is the largest passerine in South America.
Scientific name: Cephalopterus
Higher classification: Cotinga
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Passerine
Rank: Genus
Kingdom: Animalia
241. The vicuña or vicuna is one of the two wild South American camelids which live in the high alpine areas of the Andes, the other being the guanaco. Vicuñas are relatives of the llama, and are now believed to be the wild ancestor of domesticated alpacas, which are raised for their coats.
Class: Mammalia
Scientific name: Vicugna vicugna
Family: Camelidae
Mass: 35 – 65 kg (Adult)
Length: 1.4 – 1.6 m (Adult, Head and body)
Height: 75 – 85 cm (Adult, At Shoulder)
242. Thelyphonida is an arachnid order comprising invertebrates commonly known as whip scorpions or vinegaroons. They are often called uropygids in the scientific community based on an alternative name for the order, Uropygi.
Order: Thelyphonida; O. P-Cambridge, 1872
Scientific name: Uropygi
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Arachnida
Higher classification: Tetrapulmonata
Phylum: Arthropoda
243. The Viperidae (viper) are a family of venomous snakes found in most parts of the world, with the exception of Antarctica, Australia, Hawaii, Madagascar, various other isolated islands, and north of the Arctic Circle. All have relatively long, hinged fangs that permit deep penetration and injection of snake venom.
Family: Viperidae; Oppel, 1811
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Reptilia
Scientific name: Viperidae
Speed: Causus rhombeatus: 3.3 km/h
Length: Horned Viper: 50 – 70 cm, Causus rhombeatus: 10 – 12 cm, Lachesis: 30 cm
244. A vulture is a scavenging bird of prey. The New World vultures include the California condor and the Andean condor; the Old World vultures include the birds that are seen scavenging on carcasses of dead animals on African plains.x
Clutch size: Black vulture: 1 – 3
Phylum: Chordata
Wingspan: Black vulture: 1.3 – 1.7 m, Griffon vulture: 2.3 – 2.8 m, Red-headed vulture: 2 – 2.6 m
Length: Turkey vulture: 64 – 81 cm, Black vulture: 56 – 74 cm
Lifespan: Black vulture: 10 years, King vulture: 30 years
Mass: Turkey vulture: 1.5 kg, Black vulture: 1.2 – 1.9 kg
245. A wallaby is a small or mid-sized macropod native to Australia and New Guinea, with introduced populations in New Zealand, the UK and other countries.
Mass: Tasmanian pademelon: 5 kg, Parma wallaby: 4.2 kg
Length: Red-legged pademelon: 57 cm, Dusky pademelon: 54 cm, Brown's pademelon: 55 cm
Gestation period: Tasmanian pademelon: 31 days
246. The walrus is a large flippered marine mammal with a discontinuous distribution about the North Pole in the Arctic Ocean and subarctic seas of the Northern Hemisphere. The walrus is the only living species in the family Odobenidae and genus Odobenus.
Mass: 1,000 kg (Adult)
Order: Carnivora
Family: Odobenidae
Scientific name: Odobenus rosmarus
Class: Mammalia
Length: 3.6 m (Adult)
247. A wasp is any insect of the narrow-waisted suborder Apocrita of the order Hymenoptera which is neither a bee nor an ant; this excludes the broad-waisted sawflies, which look somewhat like wasps.x
Speed: Asian giant hornet: 40 km/h
Phylum: Arthropoda
Wingspan: Asian giant hornet: 7.6 cm
Order: Hymenoptera
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Asian giant hornet: 5.5 cm, European hornet: 1.8 – 2.4 cm, Asian hornet: 2 cm
248. The water buffalo or domestic water buffalo is a large bovid originating in the Indian subcontinent, Southeast Asia, and China. Today, it is also found in Europe, Australia, North America, South America and some African countries.
Scientific name: Bubalus bubalis
Gestation period: 281 – 334 days
Order: Artiodactyla
Family: Bovidae
Mass: 300 – 550 kg (Adult)
Kingdom: Animalia
249. The waxwings are passerine birds classified in the genus Bombycilla. They are pinkish-brown and pale grey with silky plumage, a black and white eyestripe, a crest, a square-cut tail and pointed wings. Some of the wing feathers have red tips, the resemblance of which to sealing wax gives these birds their common name.
Family: Bombycillidae; Swainson, 1831
Scientific name: Bombycilla
Higher classification: Waxwing birds
Phylum: Chordata
Length: Cedar waxwing: 16 cm, Bohemian waxwing: 16 – 20 cm
Mass: Cedar waxwing: 32 g, Bohemian waxwing: 54 g
250. A weasel is a mammal of the genus Mustela of the family Mustelidae. The genus Mustela includes the least weasels, polecats, stoats, ferrets and mink. Members of this genus are small, active predators, with long and slender bodies and short legs. The family Mustelidae is often referred to as the "weasel family".
Family: Mustelidae
Kingdom: Animalia
Class: Mammalia
Order: Carnivora
Lifespan: Stoat: 4 – 6 years, European polecat: 14 years
Length: Stoat: 19 – 32 cm, European polecat: 35 – 46 cm, Colombian weasel: 22 cm
251. Whales are a widely distributed and diverse group of fully aquatic placental marine mammals. They are an informal grouping within the infraorder Cetacea, usually excluding dolphins and porpoises. Whales, dolphins and porpoises belong to the order Cetartiodactyla, which consists of even-toed ungulates.
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Artiodactyla
Lifespan: Killer whale: 29 years, Blue whale: 80 – 90 years
Mass: Killer whale: 3,600 – 5,400 kg
Length: Killer whale: 6 – 8 m, Blue whale: 25 m
Gestation period: Killer whale: 15 – 18 months
252. The Wobbegong is the common name given to the 12 species of carpet sharks in the family Orectolobidae. They are found in shallow temperate and tropical waters of the western Pacific Ocean and eastern Indian Ocean, chiefly around Australia and Indonesia, although one species occurs as far north as Japan.
Scientific name: Orectolobidae
Family: Orectolobidae; T. N. Gill, 1896
Class: Chondrichthyes
Phylum: Chordata
Higher classification: Carpet shark
Order: Carpet shark
253. The wolf, also known as the gray wolf or grey wolf, is a large canine native to Eurasia and North America. More than thirty subspecies of Canis lupus have been recognized, and gray wolves, as colloquially understood, comprise non-domestic/feral subspecies.
Scientific name: Canis lupus
Height: 66 – 81 cm (Adult, At Shoulder)
Lifespan: 6 – 8 years (In the wild)
Family: Canidae
Order: Carnivora
Mass: Male: 30 – 80 kg (Adult), Female: 23 – 55 kg (Adult)
254. The wolverine, Gulo gulo, also referred to as the glutton, carcajou, skunk bear, or quickhatch, is the largest land-dwelling species of the family Mustelidae. It is a stocky and muscular carnivore, more closely resembling a small bear than other mustelids.
Scientific name: Gulo gulo
Conservation status: Least Concern (Population decreasing)
Family: Mustelidae
Mass: 9 – 25 kg (Adult)
Length: 65 – 110 cm (Adult)
Class: Mammalia
255. Wombats are short-legged, muscular quadrupedal marsupials that are native to Australia. They are about 1 m in length with small, stubby tails and weigh between 20 and 35 kg. There are three extant species and they are all members of the family Vombatidae.
Family: Vombatidae; Burnett, 1830
Class: Mammalia
Mass: 20 – 35 kg
Speed: 40 km/h (Maximum, When threatened)
Length: 100 cm
Scientific name: Vombatidae
Kingdom: Animalia
256. Woodpeckers are part of the family Picidae, that also includes the piculets, wrynecks, and sapsuckers. Members of this family are found worldwide, except for Australia, New Guinea, New Zealand, Madagascar, and the extreme polar regions.
Family: Picidae; Leach, 1820
Scientific name: Picidae
Class: Aves
Kingdom: Animalia
Length: Red-headed woodpecker: 21 – 25 cm
Mass: Great spotted woodpecker: 75 g
257. Worms are many different distantly related animals that typically have a long cylindrical tube-like body, no limbs, and no eyes.
Length: Palola viridis: 30 cm
258. Wrens are a family of brown passerine birds in the predominantly New World family Troglodytidae. The family includes 88 species divided into 19 genera. Only the Eurasian wren occurs in the Old World, where, in Anglophone regions, it is commonly known simply as the "wren", as it is the originator of the name.
Family: Troglodytidae; Swainson, 1832
Scientific name: Troglodytidae
Class: Aves
Clutch size: Carolina wren: 4 – 6, Bewick's wren: 5 – 7
Mass: Carolina wren: 18 – 23 g, Bewick's wren: 9.8 g, Sedge wren: 10 – 12 g
Length: Carolina wren: 12 – 14 cm, Bewick's wren: 14 cm, Sedge wren: 10 – 12 cm
259. Pristella maxillaris, the only species in the genus Pristella, is commonly known as the X-ray fish or X-ray tetra because of its translucent body. It is a widely distributed and adaptable fish, found in the Amazon and Orinoco basins, as well as coastal rivers in the Guianas in both acidic and alkaline waters.
Scientific name: Pristella maxillaris
Higher classification: Pristella
Phylum: Chordata
Order: Characiformes
Rank: Species
Family: Characidae
260. The domestic yak is a long-haired domesticated bovid found throughout the Himalayan region of the Indian subcontinent, the Tibetan Plateau, Northern Myanmar, Yunnan, Sichuan and as far north as Mongolia and Siberia. It is descended from the wild yak.
Scientific name: Bos grunniens
Family: Bovidae
Length: 2.5 – 3.3 m (In the wild, Without Tail)
Height: 1.6 – 2.2 m (Adult, In the wild, At Shoulder)
Class: Mammalia
Mass: Male: 350 – 580 kg (Domesticated), Female: 220 – 260 kg (Domesticated)
Breeds: Tianzhu White yak, Gannan yak, Maiwa yak, Jiulong yak
261. Zebras are African equines with distinctive black-and-white striped coats. There are three extant species: the Grévy's zebra, plains zebra and the mountain zebra. Their stripes come in different patterns, unique to each individual.
Phylum: Chordata
Family: Equidae
Kingdom: Animalia
Mass: Plains zebra: 400 kg, Mountain zebra: 280 kg, Grévy's zebra: 380 kg
Gestation period: Mountain zebra: 12 months, Grévy's zebra: 13 months
Length: Mountain zebra: 2.4 m, Grévy's zebra: 2.7 m
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